PMID- 37315886
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230814
LR  - 20230814
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 333
DP  - 2023 Sep 15
TI  - Capping fiberbank sediments to reduce persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 
      fluxes: A large-scale laboratory column experiment.
PG  - 122019
LID - S0269-7491(23)01021-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122019 [doi]
AB  - Deposits of contaminated wood fiber waste (fiberbanks), originating from sawmills 
      and pulp and paper industries, have been found in the aquatic environment in 
      boreal countries. In-situ isolation capping has been proposed as a remediation 
      solution because it has the potential to prevent dispersal of persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) from this type of sediment. However, knowledge about the 
      performance of such caps when placed on very soft (unconsolidated), gaseous 
      organic rich sediment is scarce. We investigated the effectiveness of 
      conventional in-situ capping to limit POPs fluxes to the water column from 
      contaminated fibrous sediments that produce gas. A controlled, large-scale 
      laboratory column (40 cm diameter, 2 m height) experiment was performed over 8 
      months to study changes in sediment-to-water fluxes of POPs and particle 
      resuspension before and after capping the sediment with crushed stones (>/=4 mm 
      grain size). Two different cap thicknesses were tested (20 and 45 cm) on two 
      types of fiberbank sediment with different fiber type composition. Results showed 
      that capping fiberbank sediment with a 45 cm gravel cap reduced the 
      sediment-to-water flux by 91-95% for p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDD, by 39-82% for CB-101, 
      CB-118, CB-138, CB-153, CB-180 and by 12-18% for HCB, whereas for less 
      hydrophobic PCBs, capping was largely ineffective (i.e. CB-28 and CB-52). 
      Although cap application caused particle resuspension, the long-term effect of 
      the cap was reduced particle resuspension. On the other hand, substantial 
      sediment consolidation released large volumes of contaminated pore water into the 
      overlying water body. Importantly, both sediment types produced large amount of 
      gas, observed as gas voids forming inside the sediment and gas ebullition events, 
      which increased pore water advection and affected the structural integrity of the 
      cap. This may limit the practical applicability of this method on fiberbank 
      sediments.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Dahlberg, Anna-Karin
AU  - Dahlberg AK
AD  - Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural 
      Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: 
      anna.karin.dahlberg@slu.se.
FAU - Wiberg, Karin
AU  - Wiberg K
AD  - Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural 
      Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
FAU - Snowball, Ian
AU  - Snowball I
AD  - Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 256, SE-751 05, Uppsala, 
      Sweden.
FAU - Lehoux, Alizee P
AU  - Lehoux AP
AD  - Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 256, SE-751 05, Uppsala, 
      Sweden.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230612
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Persistent Organic Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Persistent Organic Pollutants
MH  - Geologic Sediments/chemistry
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Water
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Contaminant transport
OT  - In-situ capping
OT  - Sediment remediation
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/06/15 01:08
MHDA- 2023/08/14 06:43
CRDT- 2023/06/14 19:18
PHST- 2023/04/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/06/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/08/14 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/15 01:08 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/14 19:18 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(23)01021-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122019 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2023 Sep 15;333:122019. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122019. Epub 
      2023 Jun 12.