PMID- 37327369 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230719 LR - 20230720 IS - 1557-7732 (Electronic) IS - 1080-7683 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Effect of Treatment with Topical Azithromycin or Oral Doxycycline on Tear Film Thickness in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - 371-378 LID - 10.1089/jop.2022.0186 [doi] AB - Purpose: This prospective, randomized, observer-masked, parallel-group study aimed to compare the effect of topical azithromycin and oral doxycycline on tear film thickness (TFT) and signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Methods: Patients were randomized to either receive topical azithromycin or oral doxycycline. After a baseline visit, three follow-up visits at intervals of 2 weeks were scheduled. Main outcome of the study was change in TFT as measured with ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography. Results: Twenty patients were included in the analysis. TFT significantly increased in both groups (P = 0.028 vs. baseline) with no difference between the groups (P = 0.096). As secondary outcomes, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score and composite signs of OSD significantly decreased in both groups (P = 0.023 for OSDI and P = 0.016 for OSD signs vs. baseline). While eye-related adverse events (AEs) occurred more frequently in the azithromycin group, systemic AEs were more common in the doxycycline group. Conclusions: Both treatments improved signs and symptoms of OSD in patients with MGD with no difference between the groups. Due to the higher frequency of systemic side effects of doxycycline, azithromycin eye drops seem to be an alternative with comparable efficacy. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT03162497. FAU - Schlatter, Andreas AU - Schlatter A AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - VIROS-Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery-Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Hommer, Nikolaus AU - Hommer N AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kallab, Martin AU - Kallab M AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Stegmann, Hannes AU - Stegmann H AD - Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Zeller, Kristina AU - Zeller K AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - VIROS-Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery-Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Palkovits, Stefan AU - Palkovits S AD - VIROS-Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery-Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Findl, Oliver AU - Findl O AD - VIROS-Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery-Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Werkmeister, Rene M AU - Werkmeister RM AD - Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Schmetterer, Leopold AU - Schmetterer L AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. AD - Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria. AD - Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore. AD - School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. AD - SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Garhofer, Gerhard AU - Garhofer G AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Schmidl, Doreen AU - Schmidl D AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03162497 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230616 PL - United States TA - J Ocul Pharmacol Ther JT - Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics JID - 9511091 RN - 83905-01-5 (Azithromycin) RN - N12000U13O (Doxycycline) RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Azithromycin/adverse effects MH - Doxycycline MH - *Meibomian Gland Dysfunction/drug therapy MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Meibomian Glands MH - Tears MH - *Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - azithromycin OT - doxycycline OT - lipid layer OT - meibomian gland dysfunction OT - optical coherence tomography OT - tear film thickness EDAT- 2023/06/16 19:16 MHDA- 2023/07/19 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/16 14:33 PHST- 2023/07/19 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/16 19:16 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/16 14:33 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/jop.2022.0186 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Jul;39(6):371-378. doi: 10.1089/jop.2022.0186. Epub 2023 Jun 16.