PMID- 37346921
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230626
LR  - 20230701
IS  - 1937-8688 (Electronic)
VI  - 45
DP  - 2023
TI  - Co-administration of rimonabant prevents glucose intolerance in Sprague-Dawley 
      rats treated chronically with lopinavir/ritonavir and zidovudine: an experimental 
      study design.
PG  - 6
LID - 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.6.21541 [doi]
LID - 6
AB  - INTRODUCTION: treatment of HIV infection with Protease Inhibitors (PIs) and 
      Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) can lead to insulin 
      resistance and changes in body fat distribution. Overactivity of the endogenous 
      cannabinoid system produces similar disturbances in metabolic syndrome within the 
      general population. However, Cannabinoid receptor type 1 antagonism, in both 
      human and animal studies, reverses many of these biochemical and physical 
      derangements observed in the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: using an experimental 
      study design, fifteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats housed under standard 
      conditions were randomized into three groups; Control, combined Anti-Retroviral 
      Therapy (cART) only and cART + rimonabant. Drugs were administered daily by oral 
      gavage for four weeks. After four weeks, insulin tolerance tests were conducted, 
      the rats were euthanised and fat depots were excised and weighed. Experimental 
      data were analysed using STATA 16.0 with the significance level set at p<0.05. 
      The Shapiro-Wilk test determined normalcy. In cases of significance, post hoc 
      analysis was performed by either the Dunn test or the Tukey HSD test. RESULTS: 
      Sprague Dawley rats treated with cART + rimonabant demonstrated better insulin 
      sensitivity (p = 0.0239) and lower body weight (p = 0.044) than rats treated with 
      cART alone. They had leaner body composition with 58% less adiposity than 
      cART-only rats. CONCLUSION: the study results suggest a role for the endogenous 
      cannabinoid system in cART induced metabolic derangements and physical changes. 
      Future studies can directly assay ECS activity in cART associated metabolic 
      syndrome.
CI  - Copyright: Brian Lishenga Makamu et al.
FAU - Makamu, Brian Lishenga
AU  - Makamu BL
AD  - Department of Medical Physiology, Egerton University, P.O Box 536, 20115 Egerton, 
      Kenya.
FAU - Mwangi, Peter Waweru
AU  - Mwangi PW
AD  - Department of Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197, 00100 
      Nairobi, Kenya.
FAU - Bukachi, Frederick Okonji
AU  - Bukachi FO
AD  - Department of Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197, 00100 
      Nairobi, Kenya.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230503
PL  - Uganda
TA  - Pan Afr Med J
JT  - The Pan African medical journal
JID - 101517926
RN  - 4B9XT59T7S (Zidovudine)
RN  - 2494G1JF75 (Lopinavir)
RN  - O3J8G9O825 (Ritonavir)
RN  - RML78EN3XE (Rimonabant)
RN  - 0 (Cannabinoids)
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Rats
MH  - Animals
MH  - Zidovudine/therapeutic use
MH  - Lopinavir/therapeutic use
MH  - Ritonavir/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - *HIV Infections/drug therapy
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Rimonabant/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - *Glucose Intolerance
MH  - *Metabolic Syndrome/chemically induced/prevention & control
MH  - *Cannabinoids/therapeutic use
MH  - *Anti-HIV Agents
PMC - PMC10280694
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antiretroviral therapy
OT  - HIV
OT  - endogenous cannabinoids
OT  - hyperglycemia
OT  - metabolic syndrome
OT  - nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
OT  - protease inhibitors
OT  - rimonabant
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/06/22 13:09
MHDA- 2023/06/26 06:41
PMCR- 2023/05/03
CRDT- 2023/06/22 09:57
PHST- 2020/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/26 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/22 13:09 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/22 09:57 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PAMJ-45-6 [pii]
AID - 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.6.21541 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Pan Afr Med J. 2023 May 3;45:6. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.6.21541. eCollection 
      2023.