PMID- 37351191
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230701
IS  - 2296-861X (Print)
IS  - 2296-861X (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-861X (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2023
TI  - A grape seed and bilberry extract reduces blood pressure in individuals at risk 
      of developing type 2 diabetes: the PRECISE study, a double-blind 
      placebo-controlled cross-over intervention study.
PG  - 1139880
LID - 10.3389/fnut.2023.1139880 [doi]
LID - 1139880
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for the 
      development of cardiometabolic diseases. T2DM prevention is largely based on 
      weight-loss and whole diet changes, but intervention with dietary plant 
      bioactives may also improve metabolic health. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether 
      supplementation with bilberry and grape seed extract for 12 weeks improves 
      cardiometabolic outcomes in individuals at risk of developing T2DM, and to 
      determine whether individual treatment response is associated with differences in 
      gut microbiota composition and levels of phenolic metabolites in blood and feces. 
      METHODS: In the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over PRECISE 
      intervention study, 14 participants, aged >/=45 years, with a BMI >28 kg/m(2), and 
      having an increased risk of T2DM, received a supplement containing 250 mg of 
      bilberry plus 300 mg of grape seed extract, or 550 mg of a control extract, per 
      day, for 12 weeks each. Blood samples were obtained for the assessment of HbA1c, 
      fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance tests, insulin, glucagon levels, total, 
      LDL and HDL cholesterol, and phenolic acids. We also assessed advanced glycation 
      end products in the skin, ambulatory 24 hours blood pressure, 7-day dietary 
      intake by weighed food diaries, fecal levels of phenolic metabolites using 
      LC-MS/MS and gut microbiota composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. 
      RESULTS: The combined bilberry and grape seed extract did not affect glucose and 
      cholesterol outcomes, but it decreased systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood 
      pressure by 4.7 (p < 0.001) and 2.3 (p = 0.0009) mmHg, respectively. Eight out of 
      fourteen participants were identified as blood pressure 'responders'. These 
      responders had higher levels of phenylpropionic and phenyllactic acids in their 
      fecal samples, and a higher proportional abundance of Fusicatenibacter-related 
      bacteria (p < 0.01) in their baseline stool samples. CONCLUSION: Long-term 
      supplementation with bilberry and grape seed extract can improve systolic and 
      diastolic blood pressure in individuals at risk of T2DM. Individual 
      responsiveness was correlated with the presence of certain fecal bacterial 
      strains, and an ability to metabolize (epi)catechin into smaller phenolic 
      metabolites.Clinical trial registry number: Research Registry (number 4084).
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Grohmann, Walker, Russell, Hoggard, Zhang, Horgan and de Roos.
FAU - Grohmann, Teresa
AU  - Grohmann T
AD  - Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
FAU - Walker, Alan W
AU  - Walker AW
AD  - Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
FAU - Russell, Wendy R
AU  - Russell WR
AD  - Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
FAU - Hoggard, Nigel
AU  - Hoggard N
AD  - Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
FAU - Zhang, Xuguang
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - By-Health Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Horgan, Graham
AU  - Horgan G
AD  - Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
FAU - de Roos, Baukje
AU  - de Roos B
AD  - Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230607
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Nutr
JT  - Frontiers in nutrition
JID - 101642264
PMC - PMC10283353
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - bilberry extract
OT  - blood pressure
OT  - cardiometabolic health
OT  - grape seed extract
OT  - gut microbiota
OT  - human intervention study
OT  - type 2 diabetes prevention
COIS- XZ is an employee of the company By-health Co., Ltd., and BR is a member of 
      By-Health's academic advisory board. The remaining authors declare that the 
      research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial 
      relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/06/23 13:07
MHDA- 2023/06/23 13:08
PMCR- 2023/01/01
CRDT- 2023/06/23 10:30
PHST- 2023/01/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/23 13:08 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/23 13:07 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/23 10:30 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnut.2023.1139880 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 7;10:1139880. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1139880. eCollection 
      2023.