PMID- 37357844
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230919
LR  - 20230919
IS  - 1522-7278 (Electronic)
IS  - 1520-4081 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 10
DP  - 2023 Oct
TI  - Syringic acid alleviates valproic acid induced autism via activation of p38 
      mitogen-activated protein kinase: Possible molecular approach.
PG  - 2400-2415
LID - 10.1002/tox.23876 [doi]
AB  - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder 
      characterized by restrictive and repetitive behavior followed by impairment in 
      social, verbal, and non-verbal interaction and communication. Valproic acid (VPA) 
      is a well-known anti-epileptic drug, but its prenatal exposure to animals causes 
      social impairment, neurotransmitters imbalance, and neuroinflammation with 
      ASD-like phenotypes. Syringic acid (SA) is a polyphenolic compound with 
      anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and neuromodulator activity. The 
      purpose of study was to investigate the protective effect of Syringic acid (SA) 
      in prenatal VPA-treated rats through behavioral, neuroinflammation, oxidative 
      stress, neurotransmitters, neuronal integrity, and apoptotic marker. Single dose 
      of VPA was administered 600 mg/kg, i.p. on a gestational day (GD) 12th and SA was 
      administrated from PnD 26th to 54th at the dose of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o. On 
      PnD 56th behavioral parameters (Pain sensitivity, open field test, narrow beam 
      walks test and social impairment test) were performed and all animals were 
      sacrificed, and brain tissue was isolated for oxidative stress (GSH, CAT, and 
      LPO), neuroinflammation (TNF-alpha and IL-6) and neurotransmitters (GABA and 
      Glutamate), histopathology (H&E, Nissl), immunohistochemistry (p38 MAPK) 
      analysis. Rat treated with SA dose-dependently prevented behavioral alteration, 
      restored antioxidant enzymes, neurotransmitters level, decreased 
      neuroinflammatory markers, and improved neuronal integrity. Furthermore, 
      immunohistochemistry confirmed the reduced p38 MAPK marker expression by SA in 
      VPA induced autistic behavior.
CI  - (c) 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
FAU - Mallan, Sudhanshu
AU  - Mallan S
AD  - Neuropharmacology division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, 
      Moga, India.
FAU - Singh, Shamsher
AU  - Singh S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2780-6632
AD  - Neuropharmacology division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, 
      Moga, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230626
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Toxicol
JT  - Environmental toxicology
JID - 100885357
RN  - 614OI1Z5WI (Valproic Acid)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - E390O181H5 (syringic acid)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.24 (p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Female
MH  - Rats
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - Valproic Acid/toxicity
MH  - *Autistic Disorder/chemically induced/drug therapy
MH  - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/chemically induced/drug therapy
MH  - Antioxidants/therapeutic use
MH  - p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
MH  - Neuroinflammatory Diseases
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Behavior, Animal
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - autism spectrum disorder
OT  - excitotoxicity
OT  - p38 MAPK
OT  - social impairment
OT  - syringic acid
EDAT- 2023/06/26 06:41
MHDA- 2023/09/19 06:42
CRDT- 2023/06/26 05:33
PHST- 2023/05/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/09/19 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/26 06:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/26 05:33 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/tox.23876 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Toxicol. 2023 Oct;38(10):2400-2415. doi: 10.1002/tox.23876. Epub 2023 Jun 
      26.