PMID- 37370771
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230701
IS  - 2072-6694 (Print)
IS  - 2072-6694 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6694 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 12
DP  - 2023 Jun 13
TI  - The Emerging Role of Metformin in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Is 
      There Any Value in Repurposing Metformin for HCC Immunotherapy?
LID - 10.3390/cancers15123161 [doi]
LID - 3161
AB  - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related 
      deaths worldwide. There has been significant progress in understanding the risk 
      factors and epidemiology of HCC during the last few decades, resulting in 
      efficient preventative, diagnostic and treatment strategies. Type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) has been demonstrated to be a major risk factor for developing 
      HCC. Metformin is a widely used hypoglycemic agent for patients with T2DM and has 
      been shown to play a potentially beneficial role in improving the survival of 
      patients with HCC. Experimental and clinical studies evaluating the outcomes of 
      metformin as an antineoplastic drug in the setting of HCC were reviewed. 
      Pre-clinical evidence suggests that metformin may enhance the antitumor effects 
      of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and reverse the effector T cells' 
      exhaustion. However, there is still limited clinical evidence regarding the 
      efficacy of metformin in combination with ICIs for the treatment of HCC. We 
      appraised and analyzed in vitro and animal studies that aimed to elucidate the 
      mechanisms of action of metformin, as well as clinical studies that assessed its 
      impact on the survival of HCC patients.
FAU - Papadakos, Stavros P
AU  - Papadakos SP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1583-1125
AD  - First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Ferraro, Daniele
AU  - Ferraro D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1022-8864
AD  - HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, AORN A. Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy.
FAU - Carbone, Gabriele
AU  - Carbone G
AD  - Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, University of Rome 
      "Sapienza", 00161 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Frampton, Adam Enver
AU  - Frampton AE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1392-2755
AD  - Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, 
      London W12 0NN, UK.
AD  - Oncology Section, Surrey Cancer Research Institute, Department of Clinical and 
      Experimental Medicine, FHMS, University of Surrey, The Leggett Building, Daphne 
      Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK.
AD  - HPB Surgical Unit, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK.
FAU - Vennarecci, Giovanni
AU  - Vennarecci G
AD  - HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, AORN A. Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy.
FAU - Kykalos, Stylianos
AU  - Kykalos S
AD  - Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University 
      of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Schizas, Dimitrios
AU  - Schizas D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7046-0112
AD  - First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 
      Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Theocharis, Stamatios
AU  - Theocharis S
AD  - First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Machairas, Nikolaos
AU  - Machairas N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3239-3905
AD  - Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University 
      of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230613
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Cancers (Basel)
JT  - Cancers
JID - 101526829
PMC - PMC10295995
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antineoplastic
OT  - diabetes mellitus
OT  - hepatocellular carcinoma
OT  - immunotherapy
OT  - metformin
OT  - sorafenib
OT  - survival
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/06/28 06:42
MHDA- 2023/06/28 06:43
PMCR- 2023/06/13
CRDT- 2023/06/28 01:03
PHST- 2023/05/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/28 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/28 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/28 01:03 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - cancers15123161 [pii]
AID - cancers-15-03161 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/cancers15123161 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jun 13;15(12):3161. doi: 10.3390/cancers15123161.