PMID- 37372772
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230629
LR  - 20230701
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 12
DP  - 2023 Jun 20
TI  - Clarifying the Heterogeneity in Response to Vitamin D in the Development, 
      Prevention, and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph20126187 [doi]
LID - 6187
AB  - In this review, we explore the potential drivers of heterogeneity in response to 
      Vitamin D (VitD) therapy, such as bioavailability, sex-specific response, and 
      autoimmune pathology, in those at risk for and diagnosed with T2DM. In addition, 
      we propose distinct populations for future interventions with VitD. The 
      literature concerning VitD supplementation in the prevention, treatment, and 
      remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) spans decades, is complex, and is 
      often contradictory with mixed findings upon intervention. By association, VitD 
      status is powerfully predictive with deficient subjects reporting greater risk 
      for T2DM, conversion to T2DM from prediabetes, and enhanced response to VitD 
      therapy. Preclinical models strongly favor intervention with VitD owing to the 
      pleiotropic influence of VitD on multiple systems. Additional research is crucial 
      as there remain many questions unanswered that are related to VitD status and 
      conditions such as T2DM. Future research must be conducted to better understand 
      the potentially spurious relationships between VitD status, supplementation, sun 
      exposure, health behaviors, and the diagnosis and management of T2DM. Public 
      health practice can greatly benefit from a better understanding of the mechanisms 
      by which we can reliably increase VitD status and how this can be used to develop 
      education and improve health behaviors.
FAU - Hands, Jacob M
AU  - Hands JM
AD  - The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 
      Washington, DC 20037, USA.
FAU - Corr, Patrick G
AU  - Corr PG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3610-7945
AD  - The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 
      Washington, DC 20037, USA.
FAU - Frame, Leigh A
AU  - Frame LA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1475-2778
AD  - The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 
      Washington, DC 20037, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230620
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D)
RN  - 0 (Vitamins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Male
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Vitamin D/therapeutic use
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy/prevention & control/complications
MH  - Vitamins/therapeutic use
MH  - *Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy/complications
MH  - Dietary Supplements
PMC - PMC10298297
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - autoimmunity
OT  - bioavailability
OT  - chronic diseases
OT  - health behaviors
OT  - public health
OT  - sex-specific response
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
OT  - vitamin D
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/06/28 06:42
MHDA- 2023/06/29 06:43
PMCR- 2023/06/20
CRDT- 2023/06/28 01:15
PHST- 2023/03/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/05/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/05/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/29 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/28 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/28 01:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph20126187 [pii]
AID - ijerph-20-06187 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph20126187 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jun 20;20(12):6187. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph20126187.