PMID- 37374953
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230701
IS  - 2076-2607 (Print)
IS  - 2076-2607 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-2607 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 6
DP  - 2023 May 31
TI  - Efficacy and Safety of Two-Drug Regimens That Are Approved from 2018 to 2022 for 
      the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Disease and Its Opportunistic 
      Infections.
LID - 10.3390/microorganisms11061451 [doi]
LID - 1451
AB  - The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a type of virus that targets the body's 
      immune cells. HIV infection can be divided into three phases: acute HIV 
      infection, chronic HIV infection, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 
      HIV-infected people are immunosuppressed and at risk of developing opportunistic 
      infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, candidiasis, toxoplasmosis, and 
      Salmonella infection. The two types of HIV are known as HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is 
      the predominant and more common cause of AIDS worldwide, with an estimated 38 
      million people living with HIV-1 while an estimated 1 to 2 million people live 
      with HIV-2. No effective cures are currently available for HIV infection. Current 
      treatments emphasise the drug's safety and tolerability, as lifelong management 
      is needed to manage HIV infection. The goal of this review is to study the 
      efficacy and safety of newly approved drugs from 2018 to 2022 for the treatment 
      of HIV by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA). The drugs 
      included Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine, Fostemsavir, Doravirine, and Ibalizumab. 
      From the review, switching to doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 
      (DOR/3TC/TDF) was shown to be noninferior to the continuation of the previous 
      regimen, efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EFV/FTC/TDF) in 
      virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1. However, DOR/3TC/TDF had shown a 
      preferable safety profile with lower discontinuations due to adverse events 
      (AEs), lower neuropsychiatric AEs, and a preferable lipid profile. Ibalizumab was 
      also safe, well tolerated, and had been proven effective against multiple 
      drug-resistant strains of viruses.
FAU - Sivanandy, Palanisamy
AU  - Sivanandy P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9183-5091
AD  - Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical 
      University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
FAU - Ng Yujie, Jess
AU  - Ng Yujie J
AD  - School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, 
      Malaysia.
FAU - Chandirasekaran, Kanini
AU  - Chandirasekaran K
AD  - School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, 
      Malaysia.
FAU - Hong Seng, Ooi
AU  - Hong Seng O
AD  - School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, 
      Malaysia.
FAU - Azhari Wasi, Nur Azrida
AU  - Azhari Wasi NA
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, 
      Malaysia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230531
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Microorganisms
JT  - Microorganisms
JID - 101625893
PMC - PMC10302027
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HIV
OT  - efficacy
OT  - immunocompromised
OT  - immunodeficiency
OT  - infection
OT  - safety
OT  - treatment
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/06/28 06:43
MHDA- 2023/06/28 06:44
PMCR- 2023/05/31
CRDT- 2023/06/28 01:29
PHST- 2023/04/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/05/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/05/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/28 06:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/28 06:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/28 01:29 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/05/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - microorganisms11061451 [pii]
AID - microorganisms-11-01451 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/microorganisms11061451 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Microorganisms. 2023 May 31;11(6):1451. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11061451.