PMID- 37390696 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230710 LR - 20230718 IS - 1878-1667 (Electronic) IS - 0147-9571 (Linking) VI - 98 DP - 2023 Jul TI - Molecular detection and genetic characteristics of a novel porcine circovirus (porcine circovirus 4) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Shaanxi and Henan Provinces of China. PG - 102009 LID - S0147-9571(23)00067-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102009 [doi] AB - Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) is a recently discovered circovirus that was first reported in 2019 in several pigs with severe clinical disease in Hunan province of China, and also identified in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). To further investigate the epidemic profile and genetic characteristics of the two viruses, 150 clinical samples were collected from 9 swine farms in Shaanxi and Henan provinces of China, and a SYBR Green I-based duplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was developed for detecting PCV4 and PRRSV simultaneously. The results showed the limits of detection were 41.1 copies/muL and 81.5 copies/muL for PCV4 and PRRSV, respectively. The detection rates of PCV4 and PRRSV were 8.00% (12/150) and 12.00% (18/150) respectively, and a case of co-infection with PCV4 and PRRSV was found in the lung tissue of a suckling pig with respiratory symptom. Subsequently, the complete genomic sequences of five PCV4 strains were obtained, of which one PCV4 strain (SX-ZX) was from Shaanxi province, and these strains were 1770 nucleotides in length and had 97.7%-99.4% genomic identity with 59 PCV4 reference strains. The genome characteristic of the SX-ZX strain was evaluated from three aspects, a "stem-loop" structure, ORF1 and ORF2. As essential elements for the replication, the 17-bp iterative sequence was predicted as the stem structure, in which three non-tandem hexamers were found at downstream with H1/H2 (12-CGGCACACTTCGGCAC-27) as the minimal binding site. Three of the five PCV4 strains were clustered into PCV4b, which was composed of Suidae, fox, dairy cow, dog and raccoon dog. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven PRRSV strains from the present study were clustered into the PRRSV-2 genotype. Collectively, these data extend our understanding of the genome characteristic of PCV4 as well as the molecular epidemiology and the genetic profile of PCV4 and PRRSV. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Chen, Xi-Meng AU - Chen XM AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, You-Yi AU - Zhao YY AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, Xiao-Chen AU - Liu XC AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Han, Ying-Ying AU - Han YY AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Yuan-Hang AU - Zhang YH AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Hou, Cheng-Yao AU - Hou CY AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zheng, Lan-Lan AU - Zheng LL AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. FAU - Ma, Shi-Jie AU - Ma SJ AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: participate2006@126.com. FAU - Chen, Hong-Ying AU - Chen HY AD - International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: chhy927@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230622 PL - England TA - Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis JT - Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases JID - 7808924 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Cattle MH - Swine MH - Animals MH - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics MH - *Circovirus/genetics MH - Phylogeny MH - *Swine Diseases/diagnosis MH - China/epidemiology MH - *Cattle Diseases OTO - NOTNLM OT - Genetic characteristics OT - Phylogenetic analysis OT - Porcine circovirus type 4 OT - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/07/01 11:41 MHDA- 2023/07/10 06:42 CRDT- 2023/06/30 18:06 PHST- 2023/05/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/06/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/07/10 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/01 11:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/30 18:06 [entrez] AID - S0147-9571(23)00067-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;98:102009. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102009. Epub 2023 Jun 22.