PMID- 37404971
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240306
IS  - 1541-4094 (Print)
IS  - 1541-4108 (Electronic)
IS  - 1541-4094 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Jul
TI  - MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Severe PTSD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, 
      Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study.
PG  - 315-328
LID - 10.1176/appi.focus.23021011 [doi]
AB  - Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) presents a major public health problem for 
      which currently available treatments are modestly effective. We report the 
      findings of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-site phase 3 
      clinical trial (NCT03537014) to test the efficacy and safety of 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy for the treatment of 
      patients with severe PTSD, including those with common comorbidities such as 
      dissociation, depression, a history of alcohol and substance use disorders, and 
      childhood trauma. After psychiatric medication washout, participants (n = 90) 
      were randomized 1:1 to receive manualized therapy with MDMA or with placebo, 
      combined with three preparatory and nine integrative therapy sessions. PTSD 
      symptoms, measured with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5, 
      the primary endpoint), and functional impairment, measured with the Sheehan 
      Disability Scale (SDS, the secondary endpoint) were assessed at baseline and at 2 
      months after the last experimental session. Adverse events and suicidality were 
      tracked throughout the study. MDMA was found to induce significant and robust 
      attenuation in CAPS-5 score compared with placebo (P < 0.0001, d = 0.91) and to 
      significantly decrease the SDS total score (P = 0.0116, d = 0.43). The mean 
      change in CAPS-5 scores in participants completing treatment was -24.4 (s.d. 
      11.6) in the MDMA group and -13.9 (s.d. 11.5) in the placebo group. MDMA did not 
      induce adverse events of abuse potential, suicidality or QT prolongation. These 
      data indicate that, compared with manualized therapy with inactive placebo, 
      MDMA-assisted therapy is highly efficacious in individuals with severe PTSD, and 
      treatment is safe and well-tolerated, even in those with comorbidities. We 
      conclude that MDMA-assisted therapy represents a potential breakthrough treatment 
      that merits expedited clinical evaluation. Appeared originally in Nat Med 2021; 
      27:1025-1033.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 by the American Psychiatric Association.
FAU - Mitchell, Jennifer M
AU  - Mitchell JM
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Bogenschutz, Michael
AU  - Bogenschutz M
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Lilienstein, Alia
AU  - Lilienstein A
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Harrison, Charlotte
AU  - Harrison C
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Kleiman, Sarah
AU  - Kleiman S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Parker-Guilbert, Kelly
AU  - Parker-Guilbert K
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Ot'alora G, Marcela
AU  - Ot'alora G M
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Garas, Wael
AU  - Garas W
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Paleos, Casey
AU  - Paleos C
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Gorman, Ingmar
AU  - Gorman I
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Nicholas, Christopher
AU  - Nicholas C
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Mithoefer, Michael
AU  - Mithoefer M
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Carlin, Shannon
AU  - Carlin S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Poulter, Bruce
AU  - Poulter B
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Mithoefer, Ann
AU  - Mithoefer A
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Quevedo, Sylvestre
AU  - Quevedo S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Wells, Gregory
AU  - Wells G
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Klaire, Sukhpreet S
AU  - Klaire SS
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - van der Kolk, Bessel
AU  - van der Kolk B
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Tzarfaty, Keren
AU  - Tzarfaty K
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Amiaz, Revital
AU  - Amiaz R
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Worthy, Ray
AU  - Worthy R
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Shannon, Scott
AU  - Shannon S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Woolley, Joshua D
AU  - Woolley JD
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Marta, Cole
AU  - Marta C
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Gelfand, Yevgeniy
AU  - Gelfand Y
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Hapke, Emma
AU  - Hapke E
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Amar, Simon
AU  - Amar S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Wallach, Yair
AU  - Wallach Y
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Brown, Randall
AU  - Brown R
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Hamilton, Scott
AU  - Hamilton S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Wang, Julie B
AU  - Wang JB
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Coker, Allison
AU  - Coker A
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Matthews, Rebecca
AU  - Matthews R
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - de Boer, Alberdina
AU  - de Boer A
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Yazar-Klosinski, Berra
AU  - Yazar-Klosinski B
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Emerson, Amy
AU  - Emerson A
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
FAU - Doblin, Rick
AU  - Doblin R
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of 
      California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New 
      York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary 
      Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public 
      Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and 
      Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, 
      Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy 
      Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus 
      Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family 
      Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and 
      Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, 
      Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, 
      CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba 
      Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North 
      Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University 
      of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, 
      Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. 
      Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: 
      jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R25 DA037756/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230628
PL  - United States
TA  - Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ)
JT  - Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)
JID - 101156081
PMC - PMC10316215
EDAT- 2023/07/05 13:05
MHDA- 2023/07/05 13:06
PMCR- 2024/07/01
CRDT- 2023/07/05 10:45
PHST- 2024/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
PHST- 2023/07/05 13:06 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/05 13:05 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/05 10:45 [entrez]
AID - FOC_23021011 [pii]
AID - 10.1176/appi.focus.23021011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ). 2023 Jul;21(3):315-328. doi: 
      10.1176/appi.focus.23021011. Epub 2023 Jun 28.