PMID- 37425020
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230718
IS  - 1662-4548 (Print)
IS  - 1662-453X (Electronic)
IS  - 1662-453X (Linking)
VI  - 17
DP  - 2023
TI  - Motor synchronization and impulsivity in pediatric borderline personality 
      disorder with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: an 
      eye-tracking study of saccade, blink and pupil behavior.
PG  - 1179765
LID - 10.3389/fnins.2023.1179765 [doi]
LID - 1179765
AB  - Shifting motor actions from reflexively reacting to an environmental stimulus to 
      predicting it allows for smooth synchronization of behavior with the outside 
      world. This shift relies on the identification of patterns within the stimulus - 
      knowing when a stimulus is predictable and when it is not - and launching motor 
      actions accordingly. Failure to identify predictable stimuli results in movement 
      delays whereas failure to recognize unpredictable stimuli results in early 
      movements with incomplete information that can result in errors. Here we used a 
      metronome task, combined with video-based eye-tracking, to quantify temporal 
      predictive learning and performance to regularly paced visual targets at 5 
      different interstimulus intervals (ISIs). We compared these results to the random 
      task where the timing of the target was randomized at each target step. We 
      completed these tasks in female pediatric psychiatry patients (age range: 11-18 
      years) with borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms, with (n = 22) and 
      without (n = 23) a comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 
      diagnosis, against controls (n = 35). Compared to controls, BPD and ADHD/BPD 
      cohorts showed no differences in their predictive saccade performance to 
      metronome targets, however, when targets were random ADHD/BPD participants made 
      significantly more anticipatory saccades (i.e., guesses of target arrival). The 
      ADHD/BPD group also significantly increased their blink rate and pupil size when 
      initiating movements to predictable versus unpredictable targets, likely a 
      reflection of increased neural effort for motor synchronization. BPD and ADHD/BPD 
      groups showed increased sympathetic tone evidenced by larger pupil sizes than 
      controls. Together, these results support normal temporal motor prediction in BPD 
      with and without ADHD, reduced response inhibition in BPD with comorbid ADHD, and 
      increased pupil sizes in BPD patients. Further these results emphasize the 
      importance of controlling for comorbid ADHD when querying BPD pathology.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Calancie, Parr, Brien, Huang, Pitigoi, Coe, Booij, Khalid-Khan 
      and Munoz.
FAU - Calancie, Olivia G
AU  - Calancie OG
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
FAU - Parr, Ashley C
AU  - Parr AC
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United 
      States.
FAU - Brien, Don C
AU  - Brien DC
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
FAU - Huang, Jeff
AU  - Huang J
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
FAU - Pitigoi, Isabell C
AU  - Pitigoi IC
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
FAU - Coe, Brian C
AU  - Coe BC
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
FAU - Booij, Linda
AU  - Booij L
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
AD  - Research Centre and Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University 
      Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
FAU - Khalid-Khan, Sarosh
AU  - Khalid-Khan S
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
AD  - Divison of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of 
      Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
FAU - Munoz, Douglas P
AU  - Munoz DP
AD  - Queen's Eye Movement Lab, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230622
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Neurosci
JT  - Frontiers in neuroscience
JID - 101478481
PMC - PMC10323365
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - arousal
OT  - eye movement
OT  - metronome
OT  - predict saccade
OT  - psychiatric disease
OT  - psychotropic medication
OT  - response inhibition
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/07/10 06:42
MHDA- 2023/07/10 06:43
PMCR- 2023/01/01
CRDT- 2023/07/10 04:50
PHST- 2023/03/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/05/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/10 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/10 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/10 04:50 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnins.2023.1179765 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Neurosci. 2023 Jun 22;17:1179765. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1179765. 
      eCollection 2023.