PMID- 37432330
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230713
LR  - 20230718
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 9
DP  - 2023 May 3
TI  - What the Lactate Shuttle Means for Sports Nutrition.
LID - 10.3390/nu15092178 [doi]
LID - 2178
AB  - The discovery of the lactate shuttle (LS) mechanism may have two opposite 
      perceptions, It may mean very little, because the body normally and inexorably 
      uses the LS mechanism. On the contrary, one may support the viewpoint that 
      understanding the LS mechanism offers immense opportunities for understanding 
      nutrition and metabolism in general, as well as in a sports nutrition 
      supplementation setting. In fact, regardless of the specific form of the 
      carbohydrate (CHO) nutrient taken, the bodily CHO energy flux is from a hexose 
      sugar glucose or glucose polymer (glycogen and starches) to lactate with 
      subsequent somatic tissue oxidation or storage as liver glycogen. In fact, 
      because oxygen and lactate flow together through the circulation to sites of 
      utilization, the bodily carbon energy flow is essentially the lactate disposal 
      rate. Consequently, one can consume glucose or glucose polymers in various forms 
      (glycogen, maltodextrin, potato, corn starch, and fructose or high-fructose corn 
      syrup), and the intestinal wall, liver, integument, and active and inactive 
      muscles make lactate which is the chief energy fuel for red skeletal muscle, 
      heart, brain, erythrocytes, and kidneys. Therefore, if one wants to hasten the 
      delivery of CHO energy delivery, instead of providing CHO foods, supplementation 
      with lactate nutrient compounds can augment body energy flow.
FAU - Brooks, George A
AU  - Brooks GA
AD  - Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of 
      California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230503
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - 0 (Glucans)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
RN  - 9005-25-8 (Starch)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
RN  - 30237-26-4 (Fructose)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Lactic Acid
MH  - *Glucans
MH  - Glycogen
MH  - Starch
MH  - Glucose
MH  - Fructose
PMC - PMC10180760
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - DKA
OT  - acid-base balance
OT  - blood buffer
OT  - energy
OT  - gluconeogenic precursor
OT  - glycolysis
OT  - lactate shuttle
OT  - lipolysis
OT  - mitochondrial reticulum
OT  - nutrient
OT  - oxidative phosphorylation
COIS- G. A. Brooks is the owner of UC patents 5420107, 6482853 B1, and 6743821 B2. He 
      might be remunerated, should extant or pending patent applications be 
      commercialized.
EDAT- 2023/07/11 13:10
MHDA- 2023/07/13 06:42
PMCR- 2023/05/03
CRDT- 2023/07/11 10:53
PHST- 2023/03/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/04/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/13 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/11 13:10 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/11 10:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu15092178 [pii]
AID - nutrients-15-02178 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu15092178 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2023 May 3;15(9):2178. doi: 10.3390/nu15092178.