PMID- 37441273
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230718
IS  - 2590-2571 (Electronic)
IS  - 2590-2571 (Linking)
VI  - 4
DP  - 2023
TI  - The therapeutic potential of carnosine: Focus on cellular and molecular 
      mechanisms.
PG  - 100153
LID - 10.1016/j.crphar.2023.100153 [doi]
LID - 100153
AB  - Carnosine is a naturally occurring endogenous dipeptide composed by the ligation 
      of beta-alanine and L-histidine performed particularly by tissues with an increased 
      oxidative metabolism such as muscles and brain. In the last 50 years different 
      studies have assessed the role and function of carnosine through numerous in 
      vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, demonstrating the multimodal mechanism of 
      action of this dipeptide that includes anti-aggregant, antioxidant, and 
      anti-inflammatory activities. In particular its activity has been investigated in 
      experimental models of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus 
      (T2DM), and neurodegenerative disorders, such as cerebral ischemia and 
      Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present review, we examined the protective role 
      that carnosine could exert in the context of T2DM, CVD, and AD, which show common 
      pathogenic mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and aggregation 
      phenomena. Carnosine's pharmacodynamic profile is multimodal and combines the 
      systemic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities with its anti-aggregant and 
      neuroprotective efficacy in the central nervous system. This enlarged 
      pharmacological activity opens a new path to explore the therapeutic potential of 
      carnosine in all the three diseases, and in particular in patients with T2DM, who 
      often show a history of CVD and also have an increased risk to develop mild 
      cognitive impairment and AD.
CI  - (c) 2023 The Authors.
FAU - Caruso, Giuseppe
AU  - Caruso G
AD  - Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
AD  - Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research 
      Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
FAU - Di Pietro, Lucia
AU  - Di Pietro L
AD  - Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
AD  - Scuola Superiore di Catania, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
FAU - Cardaci, Vincenzo
AU  - Cardaci V
AD  - Scuola Superiore di Catania, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
AD  - Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.
FAU - Maugeri, Salvatore
AU  - Maugeri S
AD  - Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
FAU - Caraci, Filippo
AU  - Caraci F
AD  - Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
AD  - Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research 
      Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230307
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov
JT  - Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery
JID - 9918300982506676
PMC - PMC10333684
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Carnosine
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Neuroprotection
OT  - Oxidative stress
OT  - Protein aggregation
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/07/13 19:14
MHDA- 2023/07/13 19:15
PMCR- 2023/03/07
CRDT- 2023/07/13 15:24
PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/13 19:15 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/13 19:14 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/13 15:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2590-2571(23)00001-9 [pii]
AID - 100153 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.crphar.2023.100153 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov. 2023 Mar 7;4:100153. doi: 
      10.1016/j.crphar.2023.100153. eCollection 2023.