PMID- 37445072
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230718
IS  - 1996-1944 (Print)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Electronic)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 13
DP  - 2023 Jun 30
TI  - Synergistic Effect of Nano-Silica and Intumescent Flame Retardant on the Fire 
      Reaction Properties of Polypropylene Composites.
LID - 10.3390/ma16134759 [doi]
LID - 4759
AB  - Silica nanoparticles (nano-silica) were used as synergistic agents with ammonium 
      polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) to enhance flame retardancy of 
      polypropylene (PP) in this research. The composites were prepared using a 
      melt-mixing method. The influences of nano-silica on the fire performance of 
      composites were thoroughly discussed, which promotes understanding of nano-silica 
      on the flame-retardant performance of polypropylene composite. Scanning electron 
      microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) results indicated that 
      the nano-silica with a diameter of about 95 +/- 3.9 nm were dispersed favorably in 
      the composite matrix, which might elevate its synergistic effect with intumescent 
      flame retardant and improve the flame retardancy of polypropylene composite. The 
      synergistic effects between nano-silica and intumescent flame retardant on PP 
      composites were studied using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, and 
      cone calorimeter test (CCT). The total amount of flame retardant was maintained 
      at 30%. When the dosage of nano-silica was 1 wt.%, the LOI value of PP/IFR/Si1.0 
      composite reached 27.3% and its UL-94 classification reached V-1. Based on the 
      parameters of the CCT, the introduction of nano-silica induced composites with 
      depressed heat release rate (HRR) and peak heat release rate (PHRR). The PHRR of 
      PP/IFR/Si0.5 was only 295.8 kW/m(2), which was 17% lower than that of PP/IFR. 
      Moreover, the time to PHRR of PP/IFR/Si0.5 was delayed to 396 s, which was about 
      36 s later than that without nano-silica. EDS was used to quantitatively analyze 
      the distribution of silica in charred residue. The EDS results indicated that the 
      silica tended to accumulate on the surface during the fire. The surface 
      accumulation characteristic of silica endows it with the enhanced flame-retardant 
      properties of polypropylene composite at a very small dosage (as low as 1 wt.%).
FAU - Wang, Yongliang
AU  - Wang Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4298-1671
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
FAU - Liu, Baoqiang
AU  - Liu B
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
FAU - Chen, Ruiyang
AU  - Chen R
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
FAU - Wang, Yunfei
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
FAU - Han, Zhidong
AU  - Han Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4990-2211
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of 
      Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
FAU - Wang, Chunfeng
AU  - Wang C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6991-6362
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
FAU - Weng, Ling
AU  - Weng L
AD  - College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of 
      Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - YQ2019E030/Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province/
GR  - 51602084/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230630
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Materials (Basel)
JT  - Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101555929
PMC - PMC10343592
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - charred residues
OT  - cone calorimeter
OT  - intumescent flame retardant
OT  - polypropylene
OT  - silica nanoparticles
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/07/14 13:06
MHDA- 2023/07/14 13:07
PMCR- 2023/06/30
CRDT- 2023/07/14 01:09
PHST- 2023/06/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/06/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/14 13:07 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/14 13:06 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/14 01:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ma16134759 [pii]
AID - materials-16-04759 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ma16134759 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Materials (Basel). 2023 Jun 30;16(13):4759. doi: 10.3390/ma16134759.