PMID- 37457686 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230718 LR - 20230718 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2023 TI - Exploration of the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism of co-stimulatory system and rheumatoid arthritis. PG - 1123832 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1123832 [doi] LID - 1123832 AB - INTRODUCTION: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) has been linked to the majority of autoimmune diseases (ADs). However, non-HLA genes may be risk factors for ADs. A number of genes encoding proteins involved in regulating T-cell and B-cell function have been identified as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility genes. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the association between RA and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory molecules in 124 RA cases and 100 healthy controls without immune-related diseases [including tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4), CD28, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), and programmed cell death protein 1 (PDCD1)]. RESULTS: The results showed that there were 13 SNPs associated with RA, including rs181758110 of TNFSF4 (CC vs. CT, p = 0.038); rs3181096 of CD28 (TT vs. CC + CT, p = 0.035; CC vs. TT, p = 0.047); rs11571315 (TT vs. CT, p = 0.045), rs733618 (CC vs. TT + CT, p = 0.043), rs4553808 (AA vs. AG vs. GG, p = 0.035), rs11571316 (GG vs. AG vs. AA, p = 0.048; GG vs. AG + AA, p = 0.026; GG vs. AG, p = 0.014), rs16840252 (CC vs. CT vs. TT, p = 0.007; CC vs. CT, p = 0.011), rs5742909 (CC vs. CT vs. TT, p = 0.040), and rs11571319 of CTLA4 (GG vs. AG vs. AA, p < 0.001; GG vs. AG + AA, p = 0.048; AA vs. GG + AG, p = 0.001; GG vs. AA, p = 0.008; GG vs. AG, p