PMID- 37468063 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231127 LR - 20231201 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 123 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec TI - Prebiotics and the Risk of Upper Digestive Tract and Stomach Cancers: The PrebiotiCa Study. PG - 1772-1780 LID - S2212-2672(23)01275-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Fiber intake may lower digestive tract cancer risk, possibly by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. However, no data are available about the role of specific fiber fractions with prebiotic activity (e.g., inulin-type fructans (ITFs), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs) and galactooligosaccharides (GOSs)) on the risk lower digestive tract cancers. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the association between prebiotic intake and the risk of cancers of the upper digestive tract and stomach. DESIGN: Within the PrebiotiCa study, data were derived from a network of Italian case-control studies conducted between 1992 and 2009. Participants' usual diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. ITFs, and selected FOSs (nystose, kestose, and 1F-beta-fructofuranosylnystose) and GOSs (raffinose and stachyose) were quantified in several food products via laboratory analyses. Participants' prebiotic intake was calculated by multiplying food frequency questionnaire intake by the prebiotic content of each food item. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Cases were patients admitted to major hospitals with incident histologically confirmed cancers; there were 946 cases of cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx, 198 of the nasopharynx, 304 of the esophagus, 230 of the stomach. More than 4,000 patients admitted to the same hospitals for acute nonneoplastic and not diet-related conditions were selected as control subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcomes were oral and pharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, esophageal, and stomach cancers. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: The odds ratios and corresponding 95% CIs of the various cancers were derived using logistic regression models adjusted for major confounders and energy intake. RESULTS: No association was observed between intake of prebiotics and risk of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, nasopharynx, and esophagus. High raffinose intake reduced stomach cancer risk (odds ratio for the third vs the first tertile 0.6, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.9); no other prebiotic was associated with stomach cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The current study does not support a major role of prebiotic fibers on selected upper digestive tract cancers. The association between high raffinose intake and reduced stomach cancer risk needs further investigation. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Turati, Federica AU - Turati F AD - Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: federica.turati@unimi.it. FAU - Concina, Federica AU - Concina F AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy. FAU - Bertuccio, Paola AU - Bertuccio P AD - Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. FAU - Fiori, Federica AU - Fiori F AD - Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Parpinel, Maria AU - Parpinel M AD - Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Garavello, Werner AU - Garavello W AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italia. FAU - Crispo, Anna AU - Crispo A AD - Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute "Pascale Foundation" IRCCS, Naples, Italy. FAU - Libra, Massimo AU - Libra M AD - Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. FAU - Negri, Eva AU - Negri E AD - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Serraino, Diego AU - Serraino D AD - Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy. FAU - La Vecchia, Carlo AU - La Vecchia C AD - Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230717 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 RN - N5O3QU595M (Raffinose) RN - 0 (Prebiotics) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control MH - Risk Factors MH - Raffinose MH - Diet MH - Prebiotics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fiber OT - Prebiotics OT - Prevention OT - Stomach cancer OT - Upper digestive tract cancer EDAT- 2023/07/20 01:06 MHDA- 2023/11/27 12:43 CRDT- 2023/07/19 19:27 PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/27 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/07/20 01:06 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/07/19 19:27 [entrez] AID - S2212-2672(23)01275-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2023 Dec;123(12):1772-1780. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.008. Epub 2023 Jul 17.