PMID- 37481647
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230725
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Jul 22
TI  - Configuring reconfigurable intelligent surfaces using a practical codebook 
      approach.
PG  - 11869
LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-31596-7 [doi]
LID - 11869
AB  - It is proven that the scattering, reflection, and refraction properties of 
      electromagnetic signals can be adapted and managed by using reconfigurable 
      intelligent surfaces (RISs). In this paper, we have investigated the performance 
      of a single-input-single-output (SISO) wideband system in terms of achievable 
      data rate by optimizing the phases of RIS elements and performing a fair power 
      allocation for each subcarrier over the entire bandwidth. A new beamforming 
      codebook is developed from which the maximizing signal-to-noise (SNR) 
      configuration is selected. The channel state information (CSI) along with the 
      selected maximizing SNR configuration is then used by the proposed power 
      algorithm to obtain the optimal configuration of the RIS. To validate our 
      proposed method, it is compared with state-of-the-art semidefinite relaxation 
      (SDR) scheme in terms of performance, complexity and run-time consumption. Our 
      method shows dramatically lower computational complexity than the SDR method and 
      achieves an order of 2.5 increase in the achievable data rate with an optimized 
      RIS compared with an un-configured surface.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s).
FAU - Hassouna, Saber
AU  - Hassouna S
AD  - James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. 
      s.hassouna.1@research.gla.ac.uk.
FAU - Jamshed, Muhammad Ali
AU  - Jamshed MA
AD  - James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
FAU - Ur-Rehman, Masood
AU  - Ur-Rehman M
AD  - James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
FAU - Imran, Muhammad Ali
AU  - Imran MA
AD  - James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
FAU - Abbasi, Qammer H
AU  - Abbasi QH
AD  - James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230722
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC10363165
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/07/23 01:11
MHDA- 2023/07/23 01:12
PMCR- 2023/07/22
CRDT- 2023/07/22 23:25
PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/23 01:12 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/23 01:11 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/22 23:25 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-31596-7 [pii]
AID - 31596 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-31596-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 22;13(1):11869. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31596-7.