PMID- 37481866
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230814
LR  - 20230814
IS  - 1873-4235 (Electronic)
IS  - 0956-5663 (Linking)
VI  - 237
DP  - 2023 Oct 1
TI  - Micro interstitial fluid extraction and detection device integrated with the 
      optimal extraction conditions for noninvasive glucose monitoring.
PG  - 115515
LID - S0956-5663(23)00457-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115515 [doi]
AB  - Interstitial fluid glucose sensors have promising prospects in noninvasive 
      glucose monitoring. However, the commonly used method of extracting interstitial 
      fluid, reverse iontophoresis (RI), still remains to be optimized to solve 
      problems such as insufficient extraction flux and skin irritation. To find the 
      optimal RI conditions, in this study we explored the effects of multiple factors 
      such as current frequency, duration, duty cycle and their interactions on 
      extraction with the design of experiments (DOE) method. A multifunctional 
      extraction and detection device was designed to control extraction conditions and 
      measure the surface water content of the extraction electrode in situ and real 
      time. A micro glucose monitoring device (MicroTED) combined with a cheap and 
      flexible paper-based electrode was developed under the determined optimal 
      extraction conditions. In on-body continuous glucose monitoring tests carried out 
      to verify the performance of the device, the optimized conditions can facilitate 
      stable extraction of up to 1.0 mg without any skin discomfort. The mean Pearson 
      correlation coefficient between the measurement results of MicroTED and 
      commercial glucometer is above 0.9. In the Clarke error grid analysis, all data 
      points fell within Clarke error grid areas A and B, demonstrating the feasibility 
      of further clinical application of the device.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Tianyi, Sun
AU  - Tianyi S
AD  - School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Yulong, Zhou
AU  - Yulong Z
AD  - School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Yanzhen, Jing
AU  - Yanzhen J
AD  - Research Center for Materials Science and Opti-Electronic Technology, School of 
      Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Chen, Ching-Jung
AU  - Chen CJ
AD  - Research Center for Materials Science and Opti-Electronic Technology, School of 
      Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 
      Electronic address: cjchen@ucas.ac.cn.
FAU - Liu, Jen-Tsai
AU  - Liu JT
AD  - Research Center for Materials Science and Opti-Electronic Technology, College of 
      Materials Science and Opti-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy 
      of Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jtliu@ucas.ac.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230714
PL  - England
TA  - Biosens Bioelectron
JT  - Biosensors & bioelectronics
JID - 9001289
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
MH  - Extracellular Fluid/chemistry
MH  - *Biosensing Techniques
MH  - Skin/chemistry
MH  - Glucose/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Continuous glucose monitor
OT  - Noninvasive
OT  - Optimal extraction condition
OT  - Reverse iontophoresis
COIS- Declaration of competing interest There is no financial/commercial conflict of 
      interest.
EDAT- 2023/07/24 00:41
MHDA- 2023/08/14 06:42
CRDT- 2023/07/23 18:03
PHST- 2023/04/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/07/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/07/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/08/14 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/24 00:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/23 18:03 [entrez]
AID - S0956-5663(23)00457-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115515 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biosens Bioelectron. 2023 Oct 1;237:115515. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115515. Epub 
      2023 Jul 14.