PMID- 37512017
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230731
LR  - 20230801
IS  - 1648-9144 (Electronic)
IS  - 1010-660X (Print)
IS  - 1010-660X (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 7
DP  - 2023 Jun 26
TI  - Medication Adherence among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Its Related 
      Factors-A Real-World Pilot Study in Bulgaria.
LID - 10.3390/medicina59071205 [doi]
LID - 1205
AB  - Background and Objectives: The objective is to evaluate medication adherence 
      level (MA) and the relevant determinants of MA among patients with type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) monitored in ambulatory settings by general 
      practitioners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 
      patients with T2DM monitored in a GP practice in Sofia, Bulgaria 
      (September-December 2022). All patients were interviewed according to a 
      predesigned questionnaire after granting informed consent. MA level was evaluated 
      through the Morisky-Green four-item questionnaire, and health-related quality of 
      life was evaluated by EQ-5D-5L and VAS (visual analogue scale). Data were 
      aggregated and statistically evaluated. Results: The total number of observed 
      patients was 93. Around 48.4% of patients were female, and 90.3% of patients were 
      between 50 and 80 years of age. Multimorbidity was identified among 70% (n = 65) 
      of the respondents. High and medium levels of MA were revealed in 64.51% and 
      33.3% of respondents, respectively. Patients treated with insulin secretagogues 
      were most adherent to the therapy (n = 83.3%) in comparison with the other 
      treatment groups. The onset of the disease, professional status, age, gender, 
      number of therapies, and quality of life did not affect the level of MA (p > 
      0.05). VAS scores among nonsmokers (VAS = 63.16 +/- 20.45 vs. 72.77 +/- 14.3) and 
      non-consumers of alcohol (VAS = 63.91 +/- 19.34 vs. VAS = 72.54 +/- 15.98) were 
      statistically significant lower (p < 0.05). A significant related factor for MA 
      was years lived with diabetes (OR = 3.039, 95% CI 1.1436-8.0759, p = 0.0258). The 
      longer the disease duration, the more the odds for a high MA level increased. 
      Conclusions: The number of nonadherent diabetic patients in Bulgaria is low, 
      which might be evidence of patients' concern about their own health and 
      understanding about the importance of prescribed therapy. Further comprehensive 
      study with additional patients is required to confirm the results and investigate 
      the predicting factors for a high level of MA.
FAU - Dinkova, Rayana
AU  - Dinkova R
AD  - Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 
      Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
FAU - Marinov, Lyubomir
AU  - Marinov L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0509-6526
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 
      Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
FAU - Doneva, Miglena
AU  - Doneva M
AD  - Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 
      Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
FAU - Kamusheva, Maria
AU  - Kamusheva M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4379-5283
AD  - Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 
      Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
LA  - eng
GR  - European Union-NextGenerationEU project numero sign BG-RRP-2.004-0004-C01./European Union/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230626
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Medicina (Kaunas)
JT  - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
JID - 9425208
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Female
MH  - Male
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
MH  - Quality of Life
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Bulgaria/epidemiology
MH  - Medication Adherence
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC10383103
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - diabetes
OT  - diabetes management
OT  - medication adherence
OT  - quality of life
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/07/29 11:53
MHDA- 2023/07/31 06:43
PMCR- 2023/06/26
CRDT- 2023/07/29 01:27
PHST- 2023/05/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/06/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/31 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/07/29 11:53 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/07/29 01:27 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - medicina59071205 [pii]
AID - medicina-59-01205 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/medicina59071205 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jun 26;59(7):1205. doi: 10.3390/medicina59071205.