PMID- 37570478
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230814
IS  - 2079-4991 (Print)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 15
DP  - 2023 Jul 25
TI  - Study of Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated with SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein 
      Fragments.
LID - 10.3390/nano13152160 [doi]
LID - 2160
AB  - This study reports on the successful conjugation of SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein 
      fragments with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that were synthesised with Ultrasonic 
      Spray Pyrolysis (USP). This method enables the continuous synthesis of AuNPs with 
      a high degree of purity, round shapes, and the formation of a surface that allows 
      various modifications. The conjugation mechanism of USP synthesized AuNPs with 
      SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein fragments was investigated. A gel electrophoresis 
      experiment confirmed the successful conjugation of AuNPs with SARS-CoV-2 S1 
      fragments indirectly. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed 
      the presence of characteristic O1s and N1s peaks, which indicated that specific 
      binding between AuNPs and SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein fragments takes place via a 
      peptide bond formed with the citrate stabiliser. This bond is coordinated to the 
      AuNP's surface and the N-terminals of the protein, with the conjugate displaying 
      the expected response within a prototype LFIA test. This study will help in 
      better understanding the behaviour of AuNPs synthesised with USP and their 
      potential use as sensors in colorimetric or electrochemical sensors and LFIA 
      tests.
FAU - Jelen, Ziga
AU  - Jelen Z
AD  - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 
      SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
FAU - Kovac, Janez
AU  - Kovac J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4324-246X
AD  - Department of Surface Engineering, Institut Jozef Stefan, Jamova 39, SI-1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Rudolf, Rebeka
AU  - Rudolf R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0510-5752
AD  - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 
      SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
LA  - eng
GR  - JP-COVID-19-077, 1000-19-0552, 1000-20-0552 and 1000-21-0552./Slovenian Research 
      Agency/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230725
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nanomaterials (Basel)
JT  - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101610216
PMC - PMC10421057
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - SARS-CoV-2 S1
OT  - characterisation
OT  - conjugation
OT  - gold nanoparticles
OT  - ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/08/12 10:43
MHDA- 2023/08/12 10:44
PMCR- 2023/07/25
CRDT- 2023/08/12 01:16
PHST- 2023/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/07/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/07/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/08/12 10:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/08/12 10:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/08/12 01:16 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nano13152160 [pii]
AID - nanomaterials-13-02160 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nano13152160 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jul 25;13(15):2160. doi: 10.3390/nano13152160.