PMID- 37571765
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230814
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 15
DP  - 2023 Aug 6
TI  - A Multi-Channel Borehole Strain Measurement and Acquisition System Based on FPGA.
LID - 10.3390/s23156981 [doi]
LID - 6981
AB  - In this study, an FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)-based borehole strain 
      measurement system was designed that makes extensive use of digital signal 
      processing operations to replace analog circuits. Through the formidable 
      operational capability of FPGA, the sampled data were filtered and denoised to 
      improve the signal-to-noise ratios. Then, with the goal of not reducing 
      observational accuracy, the signal amplification circuit was removed, the 
      excitation voltage was reduced, and the dynamic range of the primary adjustments 
      was expanded to 130 dB. The system's online compilation function made it more 
      flexible to changes in measurement parameters, allowing it to adapt to various 
      needs. In addition, the efficiency of the equipment use was enhanced. The actual 
      observational results showed that this study's FPGA-based borehole strain 
      measurement system had a voltage resolution higher than 1 muV. Clear solid tides 
      were successfully recorded in low-frequency bands, and seismic wave strain was 
      accurately recorded in high-frequency bands. The arrival times and seismic phases 
      of the seismic waves S and P were clearly recorded, which met the requirements 
      for geophysical field deformation observations. Therefore, the system proposed in 
      this study is of major significance for future analyses of geophysical and crust 
      deformation observations.
FAU - Xu, Xin
AU  - Xu X
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
AD  - School of Emergency Management Science and Engineering, University of Chinese 
      Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China .
FAU - Chen, Zheng
AU  - Chen Z
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Li, Hong
AU  - Li H
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Zhan, Weiwei
AU  - Zhan W
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Wang, Wenbo
AU  - Wang W
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Dong, Yunkai
AU  - Dong Y
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Wu, Liheng
AU  - Wu L
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Li, Xiang
AU  - Li X
AD  - National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - No.41874211/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - ZDJ2017-26/Institute of Crustal Dynamics, CEA ,Basic scientific Special Fund/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230806
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC10422279
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - borehole strain-meters
OT  - crust deformation observations
OT  - multi-channel data acquisition
OT  - phase-sensitive detection
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/08/12 10:50
MHDA- 2023/08/12 10:51
PMCR- 2023/08/06
CRDT- 2023/08/12 01:24
PHST- 2023/06/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/08/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/08/12 10:51 [medline]
PHST- 2023/08/12 10:50 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/08/12 01:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/08/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s23156981 [pii]
AID - sensors-23-06981 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s23156981 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2023 Aug 6;23(15):6981. doi: 10.3390/s23156981.