PMID- 37620918
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231123
IS  - 1348-8945 (Print)
IS  - 1349-4147 (Electronic)
IS  - 1348-8945 (Linking)
VI  - 51
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Aug 24
TI  - Assessment of antigenemia among children in four hotspots of filarial endemic 
      districts of Nepal during post-MDA surveillance.
PG  - 47
LID - 10.1186/s41182-023-00538-4 [doi]
LID - 47
AB  - BACKGROUND: Sixty-three out of 77 districts reported lymphatic filariasis (LF) 
      endemic in Nepal. Mass drug administration (MDA) with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) 
      and albendazole (ALB) treatment program was continued for 6 to 11 rounds in these 
      districts. Nepal government has stopped the MDA program based on the transmission 
      assessment survey (TAS) report of 2014 and 2018 indicating Wuchereria bancrofti 
      antigenemia prevalence < 2%. But the persistence of low levels of the circulating 
      filarial antigen (CFA) in some foci of four endemic districts of Central Nepal, 
      i.e., 0.4% in Dhading, 0.7% in Mahottari, 0.21% in Lalitpur and 1.2% in Bara 
      district could responsible for enhancing the risk of infection resurgence. Hence 
      the present study was designed to assess antigenic prevalence using Filariasis 
      Test Strip (Alere, Scarborough ME) in children born after MDA in hotspot areas of 
      four endemic districts of Central Nepal. RESULTS: The present study covers 70% 
      children of the eligible population. The result revealed significantly high CFA 
      prevalence in hotspots of Mahottari district belonging to the Terai region and 
      Dhading district belonging to the hilly region, i.e., 13% and 10%, respectively, 
      compared to baseline prevalence and TAS report. While in Lalitpur district and 
      Bara district CFA prevalence was still found to be less than 2%. A higher number 
      of MDA rounds covered in hotspots were found significantly associated with the 
      low antigenic prevalence of W. bancrofti. Whereas median treatment coverage and 
      inter-quartile range (IQR) in study districts were not found significantly 
      associated with CFA prevalence. Although the clinical manifestation of hydrocele 
      (1%) was found in all four study districts, it was not due to the W. bancrofti 
      infection. CONCLUSIONS: Two hotspot regions, one each from the Terai (Mahottari) 
      and hilly (Dhading) districts were found highly prevalent with CFA and 
      significantly associated with the number of MDA rounds but were not associated 
      with treatment coverage and IQR. Higher CFA prevalence was observed in hotspots 
      where baseline prevalence was high together indicating that rounds of MDA program 
      need to be extended further in these hotspot regions of endemic districts.
CI  - (c) 2023. Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine.
FAU - Mehta, Pramod Kumar
AU  - Mehta PK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9423-1552
AD  - Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan 
      University, Kirtipur, Nepal. pramodmehta89@yahoo.com.
FAU - Maharjan, Mahendra
AU  - Maharjan M
AD  - Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan 
      University, Kirtipur, Nepal. mahendra.maharjan@cdztu.edu.np.
LA  - eng
GR  - PhD/74-75 S/University Grants Commission- Nepal/
GR  - T-17/University Grants Commission- Nepal/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230824
PL  - Japan
TA  - Trop Med Health
JT  - Tropical medicine and health
JID - 101215093
PMC - PMC10464004
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Circulating filarial antigen (CFA)
OT  - Lymphatic filariasis
OT  - Mass drug administration
OT  - Transmission assessment survey
OT  - W. bancrofti
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/08/25 00:41
MHDA- 2023/08/25 00:42
PMCR- 2023/08/24
CRDT- 2023/08/24 23:53
PHST- 2023/05/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/08/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/08/25 00:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/08/25 00:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/08/24 23:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s41182-023-00538-4 [pii]
AID - 538 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s41182-023-00538-4 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Trop Med Health. 2023 Aug 24;51(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s41182-023-00538-4.