PMID- 37632024
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230828
LR  - 20230907
IS  - 1999-4915 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4915 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 8
DP  - 2023 Aug 2
TI  - Prevalence of Human Norovirus GII.4 Sydney 2012 [P31] between 2019 and 2021 among 
      Young Children from Rural Communities in South Africa.
LID - 10.3390/v15081682 [doi]
LID - 1682
AB  - Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality in 
      the paediatric population worldwide, especially in low-income countries. Human 
      norovirus (HNoV), particularly GII.4 strains, are important agents of AGE. This 
      study aimed to detect and characterise HNoV in children with and without AGE. 
      Between 2019 and 2021, 300 stool samples (200 AGE and 100 without AGE) were 
      collected from children below 5 years of age referred to the healthcare 
      facilities of the rural communities of Vhembe District, South Africa. After 
      detection using real-time RT-PCR, HNoV positive samples were subjected to RT-PCR 
      and Sanger sequencing. Partial nucleotide sequences (capsid/RdRp) were aligned 
      using the Muscle tool, and phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGA 11. The 
      nucleotides' percent identity among HNoV strains was compared using ClustalW 
      software. A significant difference in HNoV prevalence between AGE children (37%; 
      74/200) and non-AGE (14%; 14/100) was confirmed (p < 0.0001). Genogroup II (GII) 
      HNoV was predominant in AGE children (80%; 59/74), whereas most non-AGE children 
      were infected by the GI norovirus genogroup (64%; 9/14). GII.4 Sydney 2012 [P31] 
      strains were dominant (59%; 19/32) during the study period. A phylogenetic 
      analysis revealed a close relationship between the HNoV strains identified in 
      this study and those circulating worldwide; however, ClustalW showed less than 
      50% nucleotide similarity between strains from this study and those from 
      previously reported norovirus studies in the same region. Our findings indicate 
      significant changes over time in the circulation of HNoV strains, as well as the 
      association between high HNoV prevalence and AGE symptoms within the study area. 
      The monitoring of HuNoV epidemiology, along with stringent preventive measures to 
      mitigate the viral spread and the burden of AGE, are warranted.
FAU - Khumela, Ronewa
AU  - Khumela R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3966-9997
AD  - Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and 
      Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South 
      Africa.
FAU - Kabue, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Kabue JP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6655-8451
AD  - Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and 
      Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South 
      Africa.
FAU - Moraes, Marcia Terezinha Baroni de
AU  - Moraes MTB
AD  - Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, 
      Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brazil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de 
      Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
FAU - Traore, Afsatou Ndama
AU  - Traore AN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7868-1075
AD  - Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and 
      Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South 
      Africa.
FAU - Potgieter, Natasha
AU  - Potgieter N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7448-9759
AD  - Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and 
      Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South 
      Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20230802
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Viruses
JT  - Viruses
JID - 101509722
RN  - 0 (Nucleotides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - *Norovirus/genetics
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - South Africa/epidemiology
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Nucleotides
PMC - PMC10458076
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GII and GI genogroups
OT  - GII.4 Sydney 2012 [P31]
OT  - GII4 Sydney 2012
OT  - acute gastroenteritis (AGE)
OT  - asymptomatic
OT  - norovirus
OT  - symptomatic
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/08/26 10:45
MHDA- 2023/08/28 06:42
PMCR- 2023/08/02
CRDT- 2023/08/26 01:34
PHST- 2023/07/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/07/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/07/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/08/28 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/08/26 10:45 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/08/26 01:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/08/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v15081682 [pii]
AID - viruses-15-01682 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/v15081682 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Viruses. 2023 Aug 2;15(8):1682. doi: 10.3390/v15081682.