PMID- 37656668
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230924
IS  - 1520-6882 (Electronic)
IS  - 0003-2700 (Print)
IS  - 0003-2700 (Linking)
VI  - 95
IP  - 37
DP  - 2023 Sep 19
TI  - Sensitivity Constraints of Extractive Electrospray for a Model System and 
      Secondary Organic Aerosol.
PG  - 13788-13795
LID - 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00441 [doi]
AB  - The quantification of an aerosol chemical composition is complicated by the 
      uncertainty in the sensitivity of each species detected. Soft-ionization response 
      factors can vary widely from molecule to molecule. Here, we have employed a 
      method to separate molecules by their volatility through systematic evaporation 
      with a thermal denuder (TD). The fraction remaining after evaporation is compared 
      between an extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer 
      (EESI-TOF) and a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), which provides a 
      comparison between a quantified mass loss by the SMPS and the signal loss in the 
      EESI-TOF. The sensitivity of the EESI-TOF is determined for both a simplified 
      complex mixture (PEG-300) and also for a complex mixture of alpha-pinene secondary 
      organic aerosol (SOA). For PEG-300, separation is possible on a 
      molecule-by-molecule level with the TD and provides insights into the 
      molecule-dependent sensitivity of the EESI-TOF, showing a higher sensitivity 
      toward the most volatile molecule. For alpha-pinene SOA, sensitivity determination 
      for specific classes is possible because of the number of molecular formula 
      observed by the EESI-TOF. These classes are separated by their volatility and are 
      broken down into monomers (O(3-5,6-7,8+)), dimers (O(4-7,8+)), and higher order 
      oligomers (e.g., trimers and tetramers). Here, we show that the EESI-TOF 
      initially measures 60.1% monomers, 32.7% dimers, and 7.2% trimers and tetramers 
      in alpha-pinene SOA, but after sensitivity correction, the distribution of SOA is 
      37.4% monomers, 56.1% dimers, and 6.4% trimers and tetramers. These results 
      provide a path forward for the quantification of aerosol components with the 
      EESI-TOF in other applications and potentially for atmospheric measurements.
FAU - Bell, David M
AU  - Bell DM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3958-2138
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Top, Jens
AU  - Top J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3318-4451
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Bogler, Sophie
AU  - Bogler S
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Surdu, Mihnea
AU  - Surdu M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1815-2750
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Slowik, Jay G
AU  - Slowik JG
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Prevot, Andre S H
AU  - Prevot ASH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9243-8194
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - El Haddad, Imad
AU  - El Haddad I
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2461-7238
AD  - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, 
      Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230901
PL  - United States
TA  - Anal Chem
JT  - Analytical chemistry
JID - 0370536
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC10515109
COIS- The authors declare no competing financial interest.
EDAT- 2023/09/01 18:41
MHDA- 2023/09/01 18:42
PMCR- 2023/09/22
CRDT- 2023/09/01 13:22
PHST- 2023/09/01 18:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/01 18:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/01 13:22 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/09/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00441 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Chem. 2023 Sep 19;95(37):13788-13795. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00441. 
      Epub 2023 Sep 1.