PMID- 37663033
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230905
IS  - 2772-4875 (Electronic)
IS  - 2772-4875 (Linking)
VI  - 19
DP  - 2023 Dec
TI  - Trend of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among young and middle-aged 
      indians: Insights from a nationally representative survey.
PG  - 200200
LID - 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200200 [doi]
LID - 200200
AB  - BACKGROUND: India, as a nation is witnessing epidemiological transition, which is 
      taking place across all the states at different level, over past couple of 
      decades. Owing to the long natural history of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), 
      early identification of these risk factors can aid in understanding the 
      distribution and future development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Also, 
      studying the trend of these risk factors over time can help in prediction of 
      burden of various CVDs in future. Thus, the present study aims at understanding 
      the trend of various risk factors for CVDs across rural and urban India, and 
      states. METHODS: The present study was conducted using secondary data from the 
      third, fourth and fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 
      conducted in India. The surveys collected data for estimation of burden of the 
      common modifiable risk factors of CVDs including tobacco and alcohol consumption 
      overweight/obesity, raised blood pressure, and raised blood sugar. The analysis 
      for the present study was done among interviewed males and females between 15 and 
      49 years. The weighted prevalence of these risk factors was computed and binary 
      logistic regression was done to study the predictors for the same. RESULTS: A 
      declining trend of tobacco (29.2% in NFHS 3; 8.1%in NFHS 5) and alcohol 
      consumption (14.2% in NFHS 3; 3.2%in NFHS 5) was observed from 2005 -06 to 
      2019-21. A rising trend of overall raised blood pressure (11.4% in NFHS 4; 
      12.2%in NFHS 5), raised blood sugar (6.2% in NFHS 4; 8.5%in NFHS 5), and 
      overweight and obesity (11.4% in NFHS 3; 23.6%in NFHS 5) was observed from the 
      three rounds of the survey. The odds of all the studied risk factors were 
      significantly higher among older age across all the rounds of the survey. Except 
      overweight/obesity, the odds of rest all studied risk factors was found to be 
      higher among males compared to females. Also, higher odds of alcohol consumption, 
      overweight/obesity, raised blood pressure, and raised blood sugar were found 
      among the participants living in urban areas compared to rural areas, across all 
      the rounds of the survey. CONCLUSION: The present highlights the rising burden of 
      CVD risk factors, including overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure and 
      raised blood sugar, and a declining trend of tobacco and alcohol consumption 
      across the country. The study also highlights the need for in-depth assessment of 
      predictors of these risk factors using longitudinal study designs.
CI  - (c) 2023 The Authors.
FAU - Yadav, Kartikey
AU  - Yadav K
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and 
      Research, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Behera, Shyambhavee
AU  - Behera S
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and 
      Research, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Singh, Mitasha
AU  - Singh M
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and 
      Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India.
FAU - Parashar, Mamta
AU  - Parashar M
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Goel, Sonu
AU  - Goel S
AD  - Public Health Master's Program, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, 
      Ireland.
FAU - Jaiswal, Nidhi
AU  - Jaiswal N
AD  - Arogya World, USA.
FAU - Gupta, Arpit
AU  - Gupta A
AD  - Oral Health Sciences Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230804
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev
JT  - International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention
JID - 9918282077306676
PMC - PMC10472237
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cardiovascular diseases
OT  - Health survey
OT  - Risk factors
COIS- None declared
EDAT- 2023/09/04 06:42
MHDA- 2023/09/04 06:43
PMCR- 2023/08/04
CRDT- 2023/09/04 04:53
PHST- 2023/04/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/07/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/09/04 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/04 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/04 04:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2772-4875(23)00033-8 [pii]
AID - 200200 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200200 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2023 Aug 4;19:200200. doi: 
      10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200200. eCollection 2023 Dec.