PMID- 37676282
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231023
LR  - 20240426
IS  - 1432-0851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0340-7004 (Print)
IS  - 0340-7004 (Linking)
VI  - 72
IP  - 11
DP  - 2023 Nov
TI  - Use of concomitant proton pump inhibitors, statins or metformin in patients 
      treated with pembrolizumab for metastatic urothelial carcinoma: data from the 
      ARON-2 retrospective study.
PG  - 3665-3682
LID - 10.1007/s00262-023-03518-z [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Concomitant medications may potentially affect the outcome of cancer 
      patients. In this sub-analysis of the ARON-2 real-world study (NCT05290038), we 
      aimed to assess the impact of concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI), 
      statins, or metformin on outcome of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer 
      (mUC) receiving second-line pembrolizumab. METHODS: We collected data from the 
      hospital medical records of patients with mUC treated with pembrolizumab as 
      second-line therapy at 87 institutions from 22 countries. Patients were assessed 
      for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall response 
      rate. We carried out a survival analysis by a Cox regression model. RESULTS: A 
      total of 802 patients were eligible for this retrospective study; the median 
      follow-up time was 15.3 months. PPI users compared to non-users showed inferior 
      PFS (4.5 vs. 7.2 months, p = 0.002) and OS (8.7 vs. 14.1 months, p < 0.001). 
      Concomitant PPI use remained a significant predictor of PFS and OS after 
      multivariate Cox analysis. The use of statins or metformin was not associated 
      with response or survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our study results suggest a significant 
      prognostic impact of concomitant PPI use in mUC patients receiving pembrolizumab 
      in the real-world context. The mechanism of this interaction warrants further 
      elucidation.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Fiala, Ondrej
AU  - Fiala O
AD  - Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and University 
      Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60, Pilsen, Czech 
      Republic. fialao@fnplzen.cz.
AD  - Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 
      Czech Republic. fialao@fnplzen.cz.
FAU - Buti, Sebastiano
AU  - Buti S
AD  - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
AD  - Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
FAU - Takeshita, Hideki
AU  - Takeshita H
AD  - Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 
      Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Okada, Yohei
AU  - Okada Y
AD  - Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 
      Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Massari, Francesco
AU  - Massari F
AD  - Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via 
      Albertoni - 15, Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Palacios, Georgia Anguera
AU  - Palacios GA
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Institutd' Investigacio Biomedica Sant Pau, 
      Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Dionese, Michele
AU  - Dionese M
AD  - Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, 
      35128, Padua, Italy.
FAU - Scagliarini, Sarah
AU  - Scagliarini S
AD  - UOC Di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Rilievo Nazionale Cardarelli Di Napoli, 
      Naples, Italy.
FAU - Buttner, Thomas
AU  - Buttner T
AD  - Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127, Bonn, Germany.
FAU - Fornarini, Giuseppe
AU  - Fornarini G
AD  - IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
FAU - Myint, Zin W
AU  - Myint ZW
AD  - Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0293, USA.
FAU - Galli, Luca
AU  - Galli L
AD  - Oncology Unit 2, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
FAU - Souza, Vinicius Carrera
AU  - Souza VC
AD  - Hospital Sao Rafael Oncologia D'Or, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
FAU - Pichler, Renate
AU  - Pichler R
AD  - Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, 
      Innsbruck, Austria.
FAU - De Giorgi, Ugo
AU  - De Giorgi U
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori 
      (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
FAU - Quiroga, Maria Natalia Gandur
AU  - Quiroga MNG
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital Angel Roffo, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina.
FAU - Gilbert, Danielle
AU  - Gilbert D
AD  - University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
FAU - Popovic, Lazar
AU  - Popovic L
AD  - Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 
      Novi Sad, Serbia.
FAU - Grande, Enrique
AU  - Grande E
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Mammone, Giulia
AU  - Mammone G
AD  - Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Science, 
      Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00185, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Berardi, Rossana
AU  - Berardi R
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Universita Politecnica Delle Marche, AOU Ospedali 
      Riuniti Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
FAU - Crabb, Simon J
AU  - Crabb SJ
AD  - Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Southampton, 
      Southampton, UK.
FAU - Molina-Cerrillo, Javier
AU  - Molina-Cerrillo J
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Ramon Y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Freitas, Marcelo
AU  - Freitas M
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Centro de Pesquisas Oncologicas - CEPON, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
FAU - Luz, Murilo
AU  - Luz M
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital Erasto Gaertner, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
FAU - Iacovelli, Roberto
AU  - Iacovelli R
AD  - Oncologia Medica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 
      Rome, Italy.
FAU - Calabro, Fabio
AU  - Calabro F
AD  - Department of Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Tural, Deniz
AU  - Tural D
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research 
      Hospital, Zuhuratbaba District, Tevfik Saglam St. No: 11, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, 
      Turkey.
FAU - Atzori, Francesco
AU  - Atzori F
AD  - Unita Di Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Di Cagliari, 
      Cagliari, Italy.
FAU - Kuronya, Zsofia
AU  - Kuronya Z
AD  - Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Clinical Pharmacology, National 
      Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
FAU - Chiari, Rita
AU  - Chiari R
AD  - UOC Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Fano, Italy.
FAU - Campos, Saul
AU  - Campos S
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Centro Oncologico Estatal "Dr Jose Luis Barrera Franco" del ISSEMYM, Toluca de 
      Lerdo, Mexico.
FAU - Caffo, Orazio
AU  - Caffo O
AD  - Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.
FAU - Fay, Andre P
AU  - Fay AP
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Rio Grande Do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Kucharz, Jakub
AU  - Kucharz J
AD  - Department of Uro-Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of 
      Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
FAU - Zucali, Paolo Andrea
AU  - Zucali PA
AD  - Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, 
      Italy.
FAU - Rinck, Jose Augusto
AU  - Rinck JA
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital AC Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
FAU - Zeppellini, Annalisa
AU  - Zeppellini A
AD  - Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Bastos, Diogo Assed
AU  - Bastos DA
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Department of Oncology, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
FAU - Aurilio, Gaetano
AU  - Aurilio G
AD  - Medical Oncology Division of Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumours, IEO, European 
      Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Mota, Augusto
AU  - Mota A
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Clinica AMO, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
FAU - Trindade, Karine
AU  - Trindade K
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Oncologia D'Or, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
FAU - Ortega, Cinzia
AU  - Ortega C
AD  - Division of Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Asl Cn2 
      Alba-Bra, 12051, Alba-Bra, Italy.
FAU - Sade, Juan Pablo
AU  - Sade JP
AD  - Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina.
FAU - Rizzo, Mimma
AU  - Rizzo M
AD  - Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari, Piazza G. 
      Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
FAU - Vau, Nuno
AU  - Vau N
AD  - Urologic Oncology, Champalimaud Clinical Center, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal.
FAU - Giannatempo, Patrizia
AU  - Giannatempo P
AD  - Dipartimento Di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Barillas, Allan
AU  - Barillas A
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Clinicas Medicas Especializadas NUCARE, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
FAU - Monteiro, Fernando Sabino Marques
AU  - Monteiro FSM
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Santa Lucia, SHLS 716 Cj. C, 
      Brasilia, DF, 70390-700, Brazil.
FAU - Dauster, Breno
AU  - Dauster B
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital Sao Rafael, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
FAU - Cattrini, Carlo
AU  - Cattrini C
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, "Maggiore Della Carita" University Hospital, 
      28100, Novara, Italy.
FAU - Nogueira, Lucas
AU  - Nogueira L
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
FAU - de Carvalho Fernandes, Roni
AU  - de Carvalho Fernandes R
AD  - Hospital Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
FAU - Seront, Emmanuel
AU  - Seront E
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de Jolimont, Haine Saint Paul, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Aceituno, Luis Garcia
AU  - Aceituno LG
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Clinica Medica Especializada en Oncologia Medica, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
FAU - Grillone, Francesco
AU  - Grillone F
AD  - SOC Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera "Pugliese -Ciaccio", Catanzaro, Italy.
FAU - Cutuli, Hernan Javier
AU  - Cutuli HJ
AD  - Hospital Sirio Libanes, Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina.
FAU - Fernandez, Mauricio
AU  - Fernandez M
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Fundacion Centro Oncologico de Integracion Regional - COIR, Mendoza, Argentina.
FAU - Bassanelli, Maria
AU  - Bassanelli M
AD  - Medical Oncology, 1-IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Roviello, Giandomenico
AU  - Roviello G
AD  - Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, 
      University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Abahssain, Halima
AU  - Abahssain H
AD  - Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Oncology, Medicine and Pharmacy 
      Faculty, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
FAU - Procopio, Giuseppe
AU  - Procopio G
AD  - Dipartimento Di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, 
      Milan, Italy.
AD  - Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Maggiore Di Cremona, Cremona, Italy.
FAU - Milella, Michele
AU  - Milella M
AD  - Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Verona 
      University Hospital Trust, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Kopecky, Jindrich
AU  - Kopecky J
AD  - Department of Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec 
      Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
FAU - Martignetti, Angelo
AU  - Martignetti A
AD  - UOC Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Dell'alta Val D'Elsa - Usl sud est Toscana Area 
      Senese, Poggibonsi, Italy.
FAU - Messina, Carlo
AU  - Messina C
AD  - Oncology Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Caitano, Manuel
AU  - Caitano M
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital do Cancer Porto Dias - Rede Mater Dei de Saude, Belem, PA, Brazil.
FAU - Inman, Eva
AU  - Inman E
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - ONCOR Life Medical Center, Saltillo, Mexico.
FAU - Kanesvaran, Ravindran
AU  - Kanesvaran R
AD  - National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
FAU - Herchenhorn, Daniel
AU  - Herchenhorn D
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Instituto D'Or de Ensino E Pesquisa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
FAU - Santini, Daniele
AU  - Santini D
AD  - Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico 
      Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Manneh, Ray
AU  - Manneh R
AD  - Clinical Oncology, Sociedad de Oncologia Y Hematologia del Cesar, Valledupar, 
      Colombia.
FAU - Bisonni, Renato
AU  - Bisonni R
AD  - UOC Oncologia Medica, Ospedale A. Murri, Fermo, Italy.
FAU - Zakopoulou, Roubini
AU  - Zakopoulou R
AD  - 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, 
      National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Mosca, Alessandra
AU  - Mosca A
AD  - Department of Oncology Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, 
      Italy.
FAU - Morelli, Franco
AU  - Morelli F
AD  - Medical Oncology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Universita Cattolica del Sacro 
      Cuore, Campobasso, Italy.
FAU - Maluf, Fernando
AU  - Maluf F
AD  - Hospital Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
FAU - Soares, Andrey
AU  - Soares A
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
AD  - Centro Paulista de Oncologia/Oncoclinicas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Nunes, Fernando
AU  - Nunes F
AD  - Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
AD  - Clinica de Oncologia - Clion, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
FAU - Pinto, Alvaro
AU  - Pinto A
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Zgura, Anca
AU  - Zgura A
AD  - Department of Oncology-Radiotherapy, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Institute 
      of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
FAU - Incorvaia, Lorena
AU  - Incorvaia L
AD  - Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical 
      Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Ansari, Jawaher
AU  - Ansari J
AD  - Medical Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
FAU - Zabalza, Ignacio Ortego
AU  - Zabalza IO
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Landmesser, Johannes
AU  - Landmesser J
AD  - Klinik Fur Urologie, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lubeck, Germany.
FAU - Rizzo, Alessandro
AU  - Rizzo A
AD  - Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale Di Oncologia Medica Per La Presa in Carico 
      Globale del Paziente Oncologico "Don Tonino Bello", I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori 
      "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124, Bari, Italy.
FAU - Mollica, Veronica
AU  - Mollica V
AD  - Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via 
      Albertoni - 15, Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Sorgentoni, Giulia
AU  - Sorgentoni G
AD  - Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy.
FAU - Battelli, Nicola
AU  - Battelli N
AD  - Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy.
FAU - Porta, Camillo
AU  - Porta C
AD  - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 
      Italy.
FAU - Bellmunt, Joaquim
AU  - Bellmunt J
AD  - Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Santoni, Matteo
AU  - Santoni M
AD  - Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230907
PL  - Germany
TA  - Cancer Immunol Immunother
JT  - Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII
JID - 8605732
RN  - 0 (Proton Pump Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
RN  - DPT0O3T46P (pembrolizumab)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Proton Pump Inhibitors
MH  - *Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
MH  - *Metformin/therapeutic use
MH  - *Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PMC - PMC10992198
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ARON-2 study
OT  - Immunotherapy
OT  - Metformin
OT  - Proton pump inhibitors
OT  - Statins
OT  - Urothelial cancer
COIS- O. Fiala received honoraria from Roche, Janssen, GSK and Pfizer for consultations 
      and lectures unrelated to this project. S. Buti received honoraria as speaker at 
      scientific events and advisory role by BMS, Pfizer, MSD, Ipsen, AstraZeneca, 
      Merck, all unrelated to this project. M. Santoni has received research support 
      and honoraria from Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, MSD, Astellas and Bayer, 
      all unrelated to this project. R. Kanesvaran has received fees for speaker bureau 
      and advisory board activities from the following companies; Pfizer, MSD, BMS, 
      Eisai, Ipsen, Johnson and Johnson, Merck, Amgen, Astellas and Bayer, all 
      unrelated to this project. E. Grande has received honoraria for speaker 
      engagements, advisory roles or funding of continuous medical education from 
      Adacap, AMGEN, Angelini, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Blueprint, Bristol Myers 
      Squibb, Caris Life Sciences, Celgene, Clovis-Oncology, Eisai, Eusa Pharma, 
      Genetracer, Guardant Health, HRA-Pharma, IPSEN, ITM-Radiopharma, Janssen, 
      Lexicon, Lilly, Merck KGaA, MSD, Nanostring Technologies, Natera, Novartis, 
      ONCODNA (Biosequence), Palex, Pharmamar, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Roche, 
      Sanofi-Genzyme, Servier, Taiho, and Thermo Fisher Scientific and has received 
      research grants from Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, 
      all unrelated to this project. F. S. M. Monteiro has received research support 
      from Janssen, Merck Sharp Dome and honoraria from Janssen, Ipsen, Bristol Myers 
      Squibb and Merck Sharp Dome, all unrelated to this project. C. Porta has received 
      honoraria from Angelini Pharma, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Eisai, General Electric, Ipsen 
      and MSD and acted as a Protocol Steering Committee Member for BMS, Eisai and MSD, 
      all unrelated to this project. Z. Myint has received research support from Merck 
      unrelated to this project. J. Molina-Cerrillo declares consultant, advisory or 
      speaker roles for IPSEN, Roche, Pfizer, Sanofi, Janssen, and BMS and has received 
      research grants from Pfizer, IPSEN and Roche, all unrelated to this project. P. 
      Giannatempo has received research support from Ipsen, Astra Zeneca, MSD and 
      honoraria for speaker engagements, advisory roles from Astellas, MSD, Janssen, 
      Pfizer, all unrelated to this project. E. T. Lam has received institutional 
      research funding from Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., 
      Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and F. Hoffmann-La Roche 
      Ltd. The other authors declare to have no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2023/09/07 12:42
MHDA- 2023/10/23 00:42
PMCR- 2023/09/07
CRDT- 2023/09/07 11:04
PHST- 2023/05/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/08/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/10/23 00:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/07 12:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/07 11:04 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00262-023-03518-z [pii]
AID - 3518 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00262-023-03518-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2023 Nov;72(11):3665-3682. doi: 
      10.1007/s00262-023-03518-z. Epub 2023 Sep 7.