PMID- 37679357 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20230911 LR - 20231121 IS - 2052-4463 (Electronic) IS - 2052-4463 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Sep 7 TI - Monitoring of carbon-water fluxes at Eurasian meteorological stations using random forest and remote sensing. PG - 587 LID - 10.1038/s41597-023-02473-9 [doi] LID - 587 AB - Simulating the carbon-water fluxes at more widely distributed meteorological stations based on the sparsely and unevenly distributed eddy covariance flux stations is needed to accurately understand the carbon-water cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. We established a new framework consisting of machine learning, determination coefficient (R(2)), Euclidean distance, and remote sensing (RS), to simulate the daily net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) and water flux (WF) of the Eurasian meteorological stations using a random forest model or/and RS. The daily NEE and WF datasets with RS-based information (NEE-RS and WF-RS) for 3774 and 4427 meteorological stations during 2002-2020 were produced, respectively. And the daily NEE and WF datasets without RS-based information (NEE-WRS and WF-WRS) for 4667 and 6763 meteorological stations during 1983-2018 were generated, respectively. For each meteorological station, the carbon-water fluxes meet accuracy requirements and have quasi-observational properties. These four carbon-water flux datasets have great potential to improve the assessments of the ecosystem carbon-water dynamics. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Xie, Mingjuan AU - Xie M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6656-4744 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Urumqi, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Ma, Xiaofei AU - Ma X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9456-0065 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. FAU - Wang, Yuangang AU - Wang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1207-6670 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Li, Chaofan AU - Li C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6020-9899 AD - School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China. FAU - Shi, Haiyang AU - Shi H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6105-4737 AD - School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China. FAU - Yuan, Xiuliang AU - Yuan X AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. FAU - Hellwich, Olaf AU - Hellwich O AD - Department of Computer Vision & Remote Sensing, Technische Universitat Berlin, 10587, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Chen, Chunbo AU - Chen C AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. FAU - Zhang, Wenqiang AU - Zhang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7316-6456 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Urumqi, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Zhang, Chen AU - Zhang C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1882-6236 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Ling, Qing AU - Ling Q AUID- ORCID: 0009-0000-0095-0223 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Gao, Ruixiang AU - Gao R AUID- ORCID: 0009-0006-2819-4996 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Zhang, Yu AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9796-672X AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Urumqi, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Ochege, Friday Uchenna AU - Ochege FU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6661-0966 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, PMB 5323 Choba, East-West, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. FAU - Frankl, Amaury AU - Frankl A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1685-2780 AD - Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. FAU - De Maeyer, Philippe AU - De Maeyer P AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. AD - Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Urumqi, China. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Buchmann, Nina AU - Buchmann N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0826-2980 AD - Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Feigenwinter, Iris AU - Feigenwinter I AD - Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Olesen, Jorgen E AU - Olesen JE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6639-1273 AD - Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark. FAU - Juszczak, Radoslaw AU - Juszczak R AD - Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Jacotot, Adrien AU - Jacotot A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0126-7597 AD - Sol, Agro et hydrosystemes, Spatialisation (SAS), UMR 1069, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35000, Rennes, France. FAU - Korrensalo, Aino AU - Korrensalo A AD - Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu campus, P.O Box 111, Joensuu, FI-80101, Finland. AD - Natural Resources Institute Finland, Joensuu, Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80130, Joensuu, Finland. FAU - Pitacco, Andrea AU - Pitacco A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7260-6242 AD - University of Padova - DAFNAE, Viale dell'Universita 16, I-35020, Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy. FAU - Varlagin, Andrej AU - Varlagin A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2549-5236 AD - A.N Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninsky pr.33, Moscow, Russia. FAU - Shekhar, Ankit AU - Shekhar A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0802-2821 AD - Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Lohila, Annalea AU - Lohila A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3541-672X AD - Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O Box 503, FI-00101, Helsinki, Finland. AD - University of Helsinki, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Carrara, Arnaud AU - Carrara A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9095-8807 AD - Fundacion CEAM, Parque Tecnologico, C/Charles R. Darwin, 14, Paterna, 46980, Spain. FAU - Brut, Aurore AU - Brut A AD - CESBIO, Universite de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/INRAE/IRD/UPS, Toulouse, France. FAU - Kruijt, Bart AU - Kruijt B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6186-1731 AD - Wageningen Univertsity, Water Systems and Global change group, PO bx 47, 7700AA, Wageningen, Netherlands. FAU - Loubet, Benjamin AU - Loubet B AD - ECOSYS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Universite Paris-Saclay, 22 place de l'agronomie, 91120, Palaiseau, France. FAU - Heinesch, Bernard AU - Heinesch B AD - Terra Teaching and Research Center, University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium. FAU - Chojnicki, Bogdan AU - Chojnicki B AD - Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Helfter, Carole AU - Helfter C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5773-4652 AD - UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK. FAU - Vincke, Caroline AU - Vincke C AD - Earth and Life Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. FAU - Shao, Changliang AU - Shao C AD - National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. FAU - Bernhofer, Christian AU - Bernhofer C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1061-3073 AD - Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany. FAU - Brummer, Christian AU - Brummer C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6621-5010 AD - Thunen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Wille, Christian AU - Wille C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0930-6527 AD - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany. FAU - Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina AU - Tuittila ES AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8861-3167 AD - School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O Box 111, FIN-80100, Joensuu, Finland. FAU - Nemitz, Eiko AU - Nemitz E AD - UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK. FAU - Meggio, Franco AU - Meggio F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1693-7709 AD - University of Padova - DAFNAE, Viale dell'Universita 16, I-35020, Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy. FAU - Dong, Gang AU - Dong G AD - School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China. FAU - Lanigan, Gary AU - Lanigan G AD - Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland. FAU - Niedrist, Georg AU - Niedrist G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7511-6273 AD - Eurac research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Viale Druso 1, 39100, Bolzano, Italy. FAU - Wohlfahrt, Georg AU - Wohlfahrt G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3080-6702 AD - Institut fur Okologie, Universitat Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. FAU - Zhou, Guoyi AU - Zhou G AD - Institute of Ecology and School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China. FAU - Goded, Ignacio AU - Goded I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1912-325X AD - European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy. FAU - Gruenwald, Thomas AU - Gruenwald T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2263-0073 AD - Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany. FAU - Olejnik, Janusz AU - Olejnik J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5305-1045 AD - Laboratory of Meteorology, Department of Construction and Geoengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Jansen, Joachim AU - Jansen J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5965-7662 AD - Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18 D, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Neirynck, Johan AU - Neirynck J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7349-3614 AD - Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Geraardsbergen, 9500, Belgium. FAU - Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka AU - Tuovinen JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7857-036X AD - Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O Box 503, FI-00101, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Zhang, Junhui AU - Zhang J AD - School of life sciences, Qufu Normal University, 57 Jingxuan West Road, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China. FAU - Klumpp, Katja AU - Klumpp K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4799-5231 AD - Grassland Ecosystem Research, INRAE, VetAgro-Sup, University of Clermont Auvergne, 5 Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000, Clermont Ferrand, France. FAU - Pilegaard, Kim AU - Pilegaard K AD - Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark. FAU - Sigut, Ladislav AU - Sigut L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1951-4100 AD - Department of Matter and Energy Fluxes, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Klemedtsson, Leif AU - Klemedtsson L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1122-0717 AD - Departement of Earth Sciences, Gothenburg University, Guldhedsgatan 5A, Po.Box 460, SE 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Tezza, Luca AU - Tezza L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7291-9487 AD - University of Padova - DAFNAE, Viale dell'Universita 16, I-35020, Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy. FAU - Hortnagl, Lukas AU - Hortnagl L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5569-0761 AD - Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Urbaniak, Marek AU - Urbaniak M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1225-9170 AD - Laboratory of Meteorology, Department of Construction and Geoengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland. FAU - Roland, Marilyn AU - Roland M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5770-3896 AD - Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium. FAU - Schmidt, Marius AU - Schmidt M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5292-7092 AD - Agrosphere Institute IBG-3, Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, 52425, Germany. FAU - Sutton, Mark A AU - Sutton MA AD - UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK. FAU - Hehn, Markus AU - Hehn M AD - Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany. FAU - Saunders, Matthew AU - Saunders M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1965-8932 AD - School of Natural Sciences, Botany Discipline, Trinity College Dublin, D2, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Mauder, Matthias AU - Mauder M AD - Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany. FAU - Aurela, Mika AU - Aurela M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4046-7225 AD - Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O Box 503, FI-00101, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Korkiakoski, Mika AU - Korkiakoski M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6875-9978 AD - Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O Box 503, FI-00101, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Du, Mingyuan AU - Du M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0373-1661 AD - National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8517, Japan. FAU - Vendrame, Nadia AU - Vendrame N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2772-6755 AD - Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via Edmund Mach 1, I-38010, Trento, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy. FAU - Kowalska, Natalia AU - Kowalska N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7366-7231 AD - Department of Matter and Energy Fluxes, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Leahy, Paul G AU - Leahy PG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4478-3863 AD - School of Engineering & Architecture, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, T12 K8AF, Republic of Ireland. FAU - Alekseychik, Pavel AU - Alekseychik P AD - Natural Resources Institute Finland, Bioeconomy and environment, 00790, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Shi, Peili AU - Shi P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1120-0003 AD - Lhasa Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Weslien, Per AU - Weslien P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6626-2925 AD - Departement of Earth Sciences, Gothenburg University, Guldhedsgatan 5A, Po.Box 460, SE 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. FAU - Chen, Shiping AU - Chen S AD - State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China. FAU - Fares, Silvano AU - Fares S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1990-0928 AD - National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, Portici, Naples, Italy. FAU - Friborg, Thomas AU - Friborg T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5633-6097 AD - Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Oester Voldgade 10, 1350, Copenhagen K, Denmark. FAU - Tallec, Tiphaine AU - Tallec T AD - CESBIO, Universite de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/INRAE/IRD/UPS, Toulouse, France. FAU - Kato, Tomomichi AU - Kato T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3757-3243 AD - Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan. FAU - Sachs, Torsten AU - Sachs T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9959-4771 AD - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany. FAU - Maximov, Trofim AU - Maximov T AD - Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia. FAU - di Cella, Umberto Morra AU - di Cella UM AD - Climate Change Dept., Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, Saint-Christophe, I-11020, Italy. FAU - Moderow, Uta AU - Moderow U AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5467-2211 AD - Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany. FAU - Li, Yingnian AU - Li Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1538-687X AD - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China. FAU - He, Yongtao AU - He Y AD - Lhasa Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. FAU - Kosugi, Yoshiko AU - Kosugi Y AD - Laboratory of Forest Hydrology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Luo, Geping AU - Luo G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0553-9454 AD - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China. luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn. AD - College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn. AD - Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Urumqi, China. luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn. AD - The National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region (proposed), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China. luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn. LA - eng PT - Dataset PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230907 PL - England TA - Sci Data JT - Scientific data JID - 101640192 SB - IM PMC - PMC10485062 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/09/08 00:42 MHDA- 2023/09/11 06:43 PMCR- 2023/09/07 CRDT- 2023/09/07 23:20 PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/09/11 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/08 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/07 23:20 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41597-023-02473-9 [pii] AID - 2473 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41597-023-02473-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Data. 2023 Sep 7;10(1):587. doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-02473-9.