PMID- 37690470
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231026
LR  - 20231026
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 337
DP  - 2023 Nov 15
TI  - Retention and transport of PFOA and its fluorinated substitute, GenX, through 
      water-saturated soil columns.
PG  - 122530
LID - S0269-7491(23)01532-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122530 [doi]
AB  - Perfluoro-2-propoxypropanoic acid (GenX) has emerged as a substitute for 
      perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) especially since PFOA was listed among the 
      persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention in 2019. 
      However, limited knowledge exists regarding the behavior and mobility of GenX in 
      natural soils hindering the prediction of its environmental fate. This study 
      investigated the mobility and retention of GenX and PFOA in soils under batch and 
      water-saturated flow-through conditions. Batch experiments revealed that GenX has 
      a lower binding affinity to soil than longer-chained PFOA, potentially 
      threatening groundwater resources. Unlike metal-oxides/minerals (ferrihydrite, 
      gibbsite and manganese dioxide), biochar (BC) and activated carbon (AC) 
      amendments significantly enhanced the sorption of both GenX and PFOA in soil. 
      Sorption data on minerals and carbonaceous materials implied that for 
      shorter-chained GenX, the predominant mode of sorption was through electrostatic 
      (ionic) interactions, while for longer-chained PFOA, hydrophobic interactions 
      became progressively more important with increasing chain length. The dynamic 
      flow experiments demonstrated that these soil amendments enhanced the retention 
      of both compounds, thereby decreasing their mobility. Simultaneous injection of 
      both compounds into columns pre-loaded with either PFOA or GenX increased their 
      retardation. GenX sorption was more affected by pre-sorbed PFOA compared to the 
      minimal impact of pre-loaded GenX on PFOA sorption. A newly developed reactive 
      transport model, which incorporates a two-site sorption model and accounts for 
      kinetic-limited processes, accurately predicted the sorption and transport of 
      both compounds in single and binary contamination systems. These findings have 
      important implications for predicting and assessing the fate and mobility of per- 
      and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in soils and groundwaters.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Liu, Guanhong
AU  - Liu G
AD  - Universite de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, 
      ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France; State Environmental Protection Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, 
      School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of 
      Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
FAU - Usman, Muhammad
AU  - Usman M
AD  - Universite de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, 
      ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France.
FAU - Luo, Tao
AU  - Luo T
AD  - Universite de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, 
      ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France.
FAU - Biard, Pierre-Francois
AU  - Biard PF
AD  - Universite de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, 
      ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France.
FAU - Lin, Kuangfei
AU  - Lin K
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment 
      and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental 
      Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, 
      China.
FAU - Greenwell, H Chris
AU  - Greenwell HC
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Mountjoy Site, South Road, Durham, 
      DH1 3LE, UK.
FAU - Hanna, Khalil
AU  - Hanna K
AD  - Universite de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, 
      ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France; Department of Chemistry, Durham 
      University, Mountjoy Site, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK. Electronic address: 
      khalil.hanna@ensc-rennes.fr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230908
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 947VD76D3L (perfluorooctanoic acid)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Caprylates)
RN  - 0 (Minerals)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Soil/chemistry
MH  - Water
MH  - *Fluorocarbons/analysis
MH  - Caprylates/chemistry
MH  - Minerals
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Groundwater
OT  - Mobility
OT  - Modeling
OT  - PFAS
OT  - Soil
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/09/11 00:42
MHDA- 2023/10/26 06:42
CRDT- 2023/09/10 19:22
PHST- 2023/07/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/09/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/10/26 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/11 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/10 19:22 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(23)01532-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122530 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2023 Nov 15;337:122530. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122530. Epub 
      2023 Sep 8.