PMID- 37707299 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20231024 IS - 1758-8936 (Electronic) IS - 1758-8928 (Print) IS - 1758-8928 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Jan-Oct TI - Spatiotemporal dynamics of selective attention and visual conflict monitoring using a Stroop task. PG - 127-136 LID - 10.1080/17588928.2023.2259554 [doi] AB - Selective attention and conflict monitoring are daily human phenomena, yet the spatial and temporal neurological underpinnings of these processes are not fully understood. Current literature suggests these executive functions occur via diverse and highly interconnected neural networks, including top-down, bottom-up, and conflict-control loops. To investigate the spatiotemporal activity of these processes, we collected neuromagnetic data using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in 28 healthy adults (age 19-36), while they performed a computerized Stroop task based on color naming. We focused on low-frequency oscillations in the context of top-down control and hypothesized that conflict monitoring-related activity would first be observed in the left anterior cingulate cortex, followed by the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and subsequently in the parietal and temporal lobes. Significant activity between 600-1000 ms post-stimulus onset was found for incongruent vs. congruent/neutral contrasts. Interestingly, spatiotemporal analysis did not provide evidence for a top-down pattern of activation, instead revealing a simultaneous pattern of activation in the frontal and temporal lobes. Most notable is the involvement of the left posterior inferior temporal cortex (pITC) and the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), which have not conventionally been considered active players in attentional control. These results may be largely driven by alpha and beta oscillations from our sample population. Our findings challenge early theoretical models of top-down processing in the context of cognitive control from an attention perspective and also suggest a need to investigate attentional centers in the temporal lobe. Furthermore, the study highlights the valuable temporal data provided by MEG, which has been missing from previous studies. FAU - Jarrar, Rawan AU - Jarrar R AD - School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Monahan, Colleen AU - Monahan C AD - Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Shattuck, Johanna AU - Shattuck J AD - Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Teale, Peter AU - Teale P AD - Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Kronberg, Eugene AU - Kronberg E AD - Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. FAU - Kluger, Benzi M AU - Kluger BM AD - Departments of Neurology and Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. FAU - Buard, Isabelle AU - Buard I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9455-6365 AD - Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. LA - eng GR - K01 AT009894/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230914 PL - England TA - Cogn Neurosci JT - Cognitive neuroscience JID - 101518151 SB - IM PMC - PMC10591874 MID - NIHMS1932367 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Stroop task OT - cognitive interference OT - magnetoencephalography OT - top-down processing COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Financial Disclosure The authors declare no competing financial interests. EDAT- 2023/09/14 12:42 MHDA- 2023/09/14 12:42 PMCR- 2024/09/14 CRDT- 2023/09/14 09:13 PHST- 2024/09/14 00:00 [pmc-release] PHST- 2023/09/14 12:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/09/14 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/09/14 09:13 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/17588928.2023.2259554 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cogn Neurosci. 2023 Jan-Oct;14(4):127-136. doi: 10.1080/17588928.2023.2259554. Epub 2023 Sep 14.