PMID- 37727216
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230921
IS  - 2234-943X (Print)
IS  - 2234-943X (Electronic)
IS  - 2234-943X (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2023
TI  - Current status of clinical trial research and application of immune checkpoint 
      inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer.
PG  - 1213297
LID - 10.3389/fonc.2023.1213297 [doi]
LID - 1213297
AB  - Immunotherapy has emerged as a hot topic in the treatment of non-small cell lung 
      cancer (NSCLC) with remarkable success. Compared to chemotherapy patients, the 
      5-year survival rate for immunotherapy patients is 3-fold higher, approximately 
      4%-5% versus 15%-16%, respectively. Immunotherapies include chimeric antigen 
      receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, tumor vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, 
      and so forth. Among them, immune checkpoint inhibitors are in the spotlight. 
      Common immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) currently in clinical use include 
      programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) and cytotoxic 
      T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4(CTLA-4). This article focuses on monotherapy 
      and combination therapy of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors. In 
      particular, the combination therapy of ICIs includes the combination of ICIs and 
      chemotherapy, the combination therapy of dual ICIs, the combination of ICIs and 
      anti-angiogenic drugs, the combination of ICIs and radiotherapy, and the 
      combination of ICIs inhibitors and tumor vaccines and so forth. This article 
      focuses on the combination therapy of ICIs with chemotherapy, the combination 
      therapy of dual ICIs, and the combination therapy of ICIs with anti-angiogenic 
      drugs. The efficacy and safety of ICIs as single agents in NSCLC have been 
      demonstrated in many trials. However, ICIs plus chemotherapy regimens offer 
      significant advantages in the treatment of NSCLC with little to no dramatic 
      increase in toxicity, while combined dual ICIs significantly reduce the adverse 
      effects (AEs) of chemotherapy. ICIs plus anti-angiogenic agents regimen improves 
      anti-tumor activity and safety and is expected to be the new paradigm for the 
      treatment of advanced NSCLC. Despite some limitations, these agents have achieved 
      better overall survival rates. In this article, we review the current status and 
      progress of research on ICIs in NSCLC in recent years, aiming to better guide the 
      individualized treatment of NSCLC patients.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Wang, Xia, Li, Gao and Fang.
FAU - Wang, Fuli
AU  - Wang F
AD  - Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College Affiliated to Bengbu Medical 
      College, Lianyungang, China.
AD  - Department of Oncology, Gaochun Hospital Afliated to Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 
      China.
FAU - Xia, Teng
AU  - Xia T
AD  - Department of Oncology, Gaochun Hospital Afliated to Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 
      China.
FAU - Li, Zhiqiang
AU  - Li Z
AD  - Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College Affiliated to Bengbu Medical 
      College, Lianyungang, China.
FAU - Gao, Xuzhu
AU  - Gao X
AD  - Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College Affiliated to Bengbu Medical 
      College, Lianyungang, China.
AD  - Department of Oncology, Gaochun Hospital Afliated to Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 
      China.
FAU - Fang, Xinjian
AU  - Fang X
AD  - Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College Affiliated to Bengbu Medical 
      College, Lianyungang, China.
AD  - Department of Oncology, Gaochun Hospital Afliated to Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 
      China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230901
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Oncol
JT  - Frontiers in oncology
JID - 101568867
PMC - PMC10505960
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CTLA-4
OT  - PD-1
OT  - PD-L1
OT  - immune checkpoint inhibitors
OT  - non-small cell lung cancer
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/09/20 06:42
MHDA- 2023/09/20 06:43
PMCR- 2023/01/01
CRDT- 2023/09/20 03:45
PHST- 2023/04/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/08/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/09/20 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/20 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/20 03:45 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fonc.2023.1213297 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Oncol. 2023 Sep 1;13:1213297. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1213297. eCollection 
      2023.