PMID- 37753040
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230928
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 8
DP  - 2023 Aug
TI  - Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Adults.
PG  - e44148
LID - 10.7759/cureus.44148 [doi]
LID - e44148
AB  - Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) is a rare but fatal 
      complication of blood transfusion that usually develops two to 30 days following 
      a blood transfusion giving rise to graft versus host disease (GVHD) clinical 
      features that are consisting of fever, skin rash, jaundice, diarrhea, and 
      pancytopenia. The disease is fulminant in most patients with a mortality rate of 
      >90% of cases. The main aim of this review is to enhance awareness among medical 
      practitioners about this fatal disease. Data were extracted manually from the 
      main medical databases (Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar) after the revision 
      of selected articles and assessed for their contribution to the knowledge of 
      TA-GVHD. TA-GVHD occurs when the viable donor T-cells in the blood or blood 
      products attack the recipient's tissues which his/her immune system is incapable 
      to destroy due to several reasons. The recipient's tissues that are usually 
      involved in TA-GVHD include the liver, intestine, skin, lungs, and bone marrow. 
      Any blood component either whole blood, packed red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, 
      or fresh non-frozen plasma that contains viable T lymphocytes can cause TA-GVHD. 
      Host immunodeficiency, transfusion of fresh blood, and partial human leukocyte 
      antigen (HLA) matching between the donors and the recipients represent the major 
      risk factors of TA-GVHD. Partial HLA matching includes immunocompetent recipients 
      who receive blood from a first-degree relative also, seen in genetically 
      homogenous populations because of high rates of consanguineous marriage. The 
      diagnosis of TA-GVHD is mainly suspected based on clinical manifestations. 
      However, a histopathological study of either skin or rectal biopsy is diagnostic. 
      The treatment of TA-GVHD is generally not effective, unless the patient received 
      emergency stem cell transplantation, while prevention via irradiation of blood or 
      blood products represents the standard of care for this disease. In conclusion, 
      medical practitioners should have a high index of suspicion for this disease. 
      Moreover, future clinical trials targeting and comparing the outcomes of the 
      different therapeutic options for TA-GVHD are required.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023, Elmakki et al.
FAU - Elmakki, Erwa Eltayib
AU  - Elmakki EE
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 
      SAU.
FAU - Madkhali, Mohammed Ali
AU  - Madkhali MA
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 
      SAU.
FAU - Oraibi, Omar
AU  - Oraibi O
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 
      SAU.
FAU - Alqassimi, Sameer
AU  - Alqassimi S
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 
      SAU.
FAU - Saleh, Eman
AU  - Saleh E
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 
      SAU.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230826
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC10518734
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - diagnosis
OT  - pathophysiology
OT  - prevention
OT  - risk factors
OT  - ta-gvhd
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2023/09/27 06:42
MHDA- 2023/09/27 06:43
PMCR- 2023/08/26
CRDT- 2023/09/27 03:42
PHST- 2023/08/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/09/27 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/27 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/27 03:42 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.44148 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2023 Aug 26;15(8):e44148. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44148. eCollection 2023 
      Aug.