PMID- 37773843
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231002
LR  - 20231004
IS  - 1536-5964 (Electronic)
IS  - 0025-7974 (Print)
IS  - 0025-7974 (Linking)
VI  - 102
IP  - 39
DP  - 2023 Sep 29
TI  - Statins, commonly coprescribed drugs, and concomitant risk factors: A protective, 
      neutral, or harmful association with common cancer types development: A 10-year 
      multicentric retrospective lebanese study.
PG  - e34562
LID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000034562 [doi]
LID - e34562
AB  - Elevated blood levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol are a major 
      cardiovascular risk factor, and cholesterol-lowering drugs are among the most 
      prescribed drugs worldwide. Cancer is the second leading cause of death after 
      cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between cancer development and statins 
      intake is controversial, and there are no clear studies in Lebanon and the Middle 
      East concerning this topic. Hence, our study aimed to search for any possible 
      association of statin intake as well as other medications (proton pump inhibitors 
      [PPI], metformin, Aspirin, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors, and 
      fenofibrate) with lung, colorectal cancer (CRC), and bladder cancer development 
      in the Lebanese population. A retrospective study was performed on 709 subjects 
      divided into 2 main groups: control (no cancer +/- statin intake), and cases 
      (either lung, or colorectal, or bladder cancer +/- statin intake). Collected data 
      included the age and gender of the patient, socioeconomic status, presence of 
      cardiovascular disease and comorbidities, cancer risk factors, and the intake 
      type, dose, and duration of statins. Bivariate, multivariate, and binary logistic 
      analyses were enrolled. Out of 709 participants, 63.2% were males and 75% were 
      cancer-positive (24.1%: lung cancer, 26.7%: CRC, 24.1%: bladder cancer). The 
      overall intake of statins was not shown to significantly affect cancer 
      development. However, a duration-response relationship was established between 
      Simvastatin and lung cancer (odds ratio [OR]=1.208) as well as bladder cancer 
      (OR=1.189). No significant association was found between each statin and CRC. 
      Although PPIs intake was associated with a possibly harmful effect on lung cancer 
      development (OR=3.42), it revealed a protective association with CRC development 
      (OR=0.38). Other risk factors such as smoking and age were strongly associated 
      (harmful) with lung and bladder cancer development. Physical inactivity and a 
      family history of CRC were each associated with a harmful effect on CRC 
      development. A harmful association with the development of lung and bladder 
      cancer was found with the increasing duration of intake of Simvastatin. Other 
      drugs such as PPIs and specific risk factors were also associated negatively or 
      positively with the development of these 3 cancers. These findings should be 
      validated by further investigations to guide clinicians on optimal treatment 
      options for their patients.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
FAU - Chalhoub, Issam G
AU  - Chalhoub IG
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - Boulos, Rita T
AU  - Boulos RT
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - Dagher, Yara G
AU  - Dagher YG
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - El Helou, Sandra
AU  - El Helou S
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - Haifa, Karen G
AU  - Haifa KG
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - Atallah, Bachir
AU  - Atallah B
AD  - Statistics, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - Nasr, Fadi
AU  - Nasr F
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
AD  - Hematology-Oncology Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon.
FAU - Kassab, Issam
AU  - Kassab I
AD  - National Center of Pharmacovigilance, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, 
      Hadath, Lebanon.
FAU - Chahine, Mirna N
AU  - Chahine MN
AD  - Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
AD  - Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, 
      Hadath, Lebanon.
AD  - Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), Beirut, Lebanon/Geneva, 
      Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Medicine (Baltimore)
JT  - Medicine
JID - 2985248R
RN  - 0 (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)
RN  - AGG2FN16EV (Simvastatin)
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL)
SB  - IM
MH  - Male
MH  - Humans
MH  - Female
MH  - *Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse effects
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Simvastatin
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/drug therapy
MH  - Cholesterol, LDL
MH  - *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy
MH  - *Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology/drug therapy
PMC - PMC10545138
COIS- The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2023/09/29 18:41
MHDA- 2023/10/02 06:42
PMCR- 2023/09/29
CRDT- 2023/09/29 15:44
PHST- 2023/10/02 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/09/29 18:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/09/29 15:44 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00005792-202309290-00061 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/MD.0000000000034562 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Sep 29;102(39):e34562. doi: 
      10.1097/MD.0000000000034562.