PMID- 37788615
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231102
LR  - 20231109
IS  - 1935-3227 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-0620 (Print)
IS  - 1932-0620 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 5
DP  - 2023 Sep-Oct 01
TI  - Prevalence and Correlates of Past Year Ecstasy/MDMA Use in the United States.
PG  - 592-597
LID - 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001188 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (also known as "ecstasy" or 
      "Molly") has regained attention in recent years for its efficacy in treating 
      posttraumatic stress disorder, and the drug was granted breakthrough therapy 
      designation for such use by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2017. However, 
      little is known about the current epidemiology of recreational ecstasy/MDMA use. 
      METHODS: We estimated past-year prevalence and correlates of ecstasy/MDMA use 
      based on a representative sample of noninstitutionalized US individuals 12 years 
      or older from the 2015-2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 315,661). 
      RESULTS: An estimated 0.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9-1.0) of 
      individuals used ecstasy/MDMA in the past year. Compared with those ages 35-49 
      years, all younger age groups were at increased odds for use, while those older 
      than 50 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.08-0.23) were at low 
      odds for use. Compared with heterosexual men, those identifying as bisexual women 
      (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02-1.72) were at increased odds for use, and compared 
      with White individuals, those identifying as Asian (aOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 
      1.42-2.59), Black (aOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.41-2.06), or multiracial (aOR = 1.61, 
      95% CI = 1.19-2.16) were at increased odds for use. Past-year use of other drugs 
      (e.g., cannabis, ketamine), prescription drug misuse (e.g., pain relievers, 
      stimulants), nicotine dependence (aOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.00-1.45), and alcohol 
      use disorder (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.25-1.58) were also associated with increased 
      odds for use. CONCLUSIONS: While use of ecstasy/MDMA continues to be relatively 
      rare, findings from this study can help inform prevention and harm reduction 
      strategies, especially among certain subpopulations that are at high risk for 
      use.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 American Society of Addiction Medicine.
FAU - Yang, Kevin H
AU  - Yang KH
AD  - From the Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of 
      Medicine, San Diego, CA (KHY); Department of Medicine, University of California 
      San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA (WK, BHH); University of California 
      San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, San Diego, CA 
      (AN); and Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of 
      Medicine, New York, NY (JJP).
FAU - Kepner, Wayne
AU  - Kepner W
FAU - Nijum, Anamika
AU  - Nijum A
FAU - Han, Benjamin H
AU  - Han BH
FAU - Palamar, Joseph J
AU  - Palamar JJ
LA  - eng
GR  - K23 DA043651/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA044207/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20230616
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Addict Med
JT  - Journal of addiction medicine
JID - 101306759
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Male
MH  - Humans
MH  - Female
MH  - United States/epidemiology
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
MH  - *Illicit Drugs
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - *Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
MH  - *Hallucinogens
PMC - PMC10593986
MID - NIHMS1894949
COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2023/10/04 00:42
MHDA- 2023/10/04 00:43
PMCR- 2024/06/16
CRDT- 2023/10/03 18:05
PHST- 2024/06/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
PHST- 2023/10/04 00:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/10/04 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/10/03 18:05 [entrez]
AID - 01271255-202309000-00018 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001188 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Addict Med. 2023 Sep-Oct 01;17(5):592-597. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001188. 
      Epub 2023 Jun 16.