PMID- 37821040
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231106
LR  - 20231106
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 338
DP  - 2023 Dec 1
TI  - Size-resolved emission rates of episodic indoor sources and ultrafine particle 
      dynamics.
PG  - 122680
LID - S0269-7491(23)01682-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122680 [doi]
AB  - Indoor airborne ultrafine particles (UFPs) are mainly originated from occupant 
      activities, such as candle burning and cooking. Elevated exposure to UFPs has 
      been found to increase oxidative stress and cause DNA damage. UFPs originating 
      from indoor sources undergo dynamic aerosol transformation mechanisms. This study 
      investigates the dynamics of UFPs following episodic indoor releases of the six 
      distinct emission sources: 1) candle, 2) gas stove, 3) clothes dryer, 4) tea & 
      toast, 5) broiled fish, and 6) incense. Based on the analytical model of aerosol 
      dynamic processes, this study reports size-resolved source emission rates along 
      with relative contributions of coagulation, deposition, and ventilation to the 
      particle size distribution dynamics. The study findings indicate a significant 
      variation in the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and size-resolved number 
      concentration over time for the sources that emit a substantial amount of UFPs 
      smaller than 10 nm. As the emission progresses, the UFP number concentrations 
      increase in a log-normal distribution, while the GMD shows a tendency to increase 
      over time. The observed result suggests that coagulation can have a considerable 
      impact on UFP number concentration and size, even during the indoor UFP emission. 
      The estimated emission rates of the six indoor sources appear to follow a 
      log-normal distribution while the emission rate ranges from 10(7) min(-1) to 
      10(12) min(-1). The indoor UFP concentration and size distribution dynamics are 
      substantially affected by the interplay of the three aerosol loss mechanisms that 
      compete with each other, and this impact varies according to the source type and 
      the indoor environmental conditions. Ultimately, using the aerosol transformation 
      mechanisms examined in this study, researchers can refine exposure assessment for 
      epidemiological studies on indoor ultrafine particles.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Jeong, Su-Gwang
AU  - Jeong SG
AD  - Department of Architectural Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, 
      Republic of Korea.
FAU - Wallace, Lance
AU  - Wallace L
AD  - Wallace Research, Santa Rosa, CA, 95409, USA.
FAU - Rim, Donghyun
AU  - Rim D
AD  - Department of Architectural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 
      University Park, PA, 16802, USA. Electronic address: drim@psu.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231009
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Particulate Matter)
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Aerosols)
SB  - IM
MH  - Particulate Matter/analysis
MH  - *Air Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis
MH  - Aerosols
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Coagulation
OT  - Deposition
OT  - Indoor air quality
OT  - Nanoparticles
OT  - Size distribution
OT  - Sources strength
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/10/12 00:43
MHDA- 2023/11/06 06:42
CRDT- 2023/10/11 19:41
PHST- 2023/03/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/08/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/10/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/11/06 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/10/12 00:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/10/11 19:41 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(23)01682-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122680 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2023 Dec 1;338:122680. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122680. Epub 
      2023 Oct 9.