PMID- 37836666 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231023 LR - 20231023 IS - 1420-3049 (Electronic) IS - 1420-3049 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 19 DP - 2023 Sep 27 TI - Rational Design of Cost-Effective 4-Styrylcoumarin Fluorescent Derivatives for Biomolecule Labeling. LID - 10.3390/molecules28196822 [doi] LID - 6822 AB - Fluorescent labels are key tools in a wide range of modern scientific applications, such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, histochemistry, direct and indirect immunochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Small fluorescent labels have important practical advantages as they allow maximizing the fluorescence signal by binding multiple fluorophores to a single biomolecule. At present, the most widely used fluorescent labels available present small Stokes shifts and are too costly to be used in routine applications. In this work we present four new coumarin derivatives, as promising and inexpensive fluorescent labels for biomolecules, obtained through a cost-effective, efficient, and straightforward synthetic strategy. Density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the electronic ground and lowest-lying singlet excited states were carried out in order to gain insights into the observed photophysical properties. FAU - Eustaquio, Raquel AU - Eustaquio R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2919-7295 AD - HERCULES Laboratory, IN2PAST-Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory, University of Evora, Largo Marques de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal. FAU - Ramalho, Joao P Prates AU - Ramalho JPP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4419-6431 AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Evora, Rua Romao Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal. AD - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Evora, Rua Romao Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal. FAU - Caldeira, Ana Teresa AU - Caldeira AT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5409-6990 AD - HERCULES Laboratory, IN2PAST-Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory, University of Evora, Largo Marques de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal. AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Evora, Rua Romao Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal. AD - City U Macau Chair in Sustainable Heritage, Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, University of Evora, Largo Marques de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal. FAU - Pereira, Antonio AU - Pereira A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9553-1618 AD - HERCULES Laboratory, IN2PAST-Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory, University of Evora, Largo Marques de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Evora, Portugal. AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Evora, Rua Romao Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230927 PL - Switzerland TA - Molecules JT - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 100964009 RN - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes) SB - IM MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Cost-Benefit Analysis MH - *Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry PMC - PMC10574246 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 4-styrylcoumarin derivatives OT - biomolecules OT - coumarin OT - fluorescent labels COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/10/14 10:46 MHDA- 2023/10/23 01:18 PMCR- 2023/09/27 CRDT- 2023/10/14 01:19 PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/23 01:18 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/14 10:46 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/14 01:19 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - molecules28196822 [pii] AID - molecules-28-06822 [pii] AID - 10.3390/molecules28196822 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Molecules. 2023 Sep 27;28(19):6822. doi: 10.3390/molecules28196822.