PMID- 37841129 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231020 IS - 2470-1343 (Electronic) IS - 2470-1343 (Linking) VI - 8 IP - 40 DP - 2023 Oct 10 TI - Inulin Inhibits the Inflammatory Response through Modulating Enteric Glial Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Mice by Reshaping Intestinal Flora. PG - 36729-36743 LID - 10.1021/acsomega.3c03055 [doi] AB - Inulin, a commonly used dietary fiber supplement, is capable of modulating the gut microbiome. Chronic inflammation resulting from metabolic abnormalities and gut flora dysfunction plays a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our research has demonstrated that inulin administration effectively reduced colonic inflammation in T2DM mice by inducing changes in the gut microbiota and increasing the concentration of butyric acid, which in turn modulated the function of enteric glial cells (EGCs). Experiments conducted on T2DM mice revealed that inulin administration led to an increase in the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and the concentration of butyric acid in the colon. The anti-inflammatory effects of altered gastrointestinal flora and its metabolites were further confirmed through fecal microbiota transplantation. Butyric acid was found to inhibit the activation of the kappaB inhibitor kinase beta/nuclear factor kappaB pathway, regulate the expression levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, suppress the abnormal activation of EGCs, and prevent the release of inflammatory factors by EGCs. Similar results were observed in vitro experiments with butyric acid. Our findings demonstrate that inulin, by influencing the intestinal flora, modifies the activity of EGCs to effectively reduce colonic inflammation in T2DM mice. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. FAU - Li, Meng-Ying AU - Li MY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0782-0987 AD - The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Protection, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Health Education and Management, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Duan, Jia-Qi AU - Duan JQ AD - The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Protection, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Health Education and Management, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Wang, Xiao-Hui AU - Wang XH AD - The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Protection, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Health Education and Management, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Liu, Meng AU - Liu M AD - School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Middle of Yanta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China. FAU - Yang, Qiao-Yi AU - Yang QY AD - The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Protection, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Health Education and Management, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Cheng, Kun AU - Cheng K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Liu, Han-Qiang AU - Liu HQ AD - The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Protection, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Health Education and Management, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. FAU - Wang, Feng AU - Wang F AD - The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Protection, The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Health Education and Management, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road No. 169, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230928 PL - United States TA - ACS Omega JT - ACS omega JID - 101691658 PMC - PMC10568710 COIS- The authors declare no competing financial interest. EDAT- 2023/10/16 06:48 MHDA- 2023/10/16 06:49 PMCR- 2023/09/28 CRDT- 2023/10/16 04:28 PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/10/16 06:49 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/16 06:48 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/16 04:28 [entrez] PHST- 2023/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1021/acsomega.3c03055 [doi] PST - epublish SO - ACS Omega. 2023 Sep 28;8(40):36729-36743. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03055. eCollection 2023 Oct 10.