PMID- 37857155
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231106
LR  - 20231106
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1711
DP  - 2023 Nov 22
TI  - Application of low-energy-capable electron ionization with high-resolution mass 
      spectrometer for characterization of pyrolysis oils from plastics.
PG  - 464445
LID - S0021-9673(23)00670-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464445 [doi]
AB  - Pyrolysis is a promising way of waste transformation into new valuable products. 
      Pyrolytic oil is a mixture of hundreds of compounds and it requires detailed and 
      accurate characterization for future applications. One of the most widely used 
      techniques is mass spectrometry in combination with electron ionization. Tuneable 
      ionization provides benefits including additional structural information and 
      validation of molecular ion due to limited fragmentation at lower energies 
      compared to conventional 70 eV, which provides spectral matches towards 
      libraries. This approach was applied to the compounds identification and group 
      characterization of virgin plastics polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), 
      polystyrene (PS), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene 
      (LDPE) and their mixture. The use of lower ionization energy was beneficial for 
      distinction of alkanes, iso-alkanes and aromatics. On the contrary to 70 eV, 
      significantly higher fragmentation in branching of iso-alkanes at 12 eV was 
      observed with higher yield of molecular ion also for n-alkane. More than 50 % of 
      detected peaks were identified up to the retention time of icosane. The main 
      analytes of produced pyrolysis oil were monoaromatic (from PVC and PS), 
      alkene/cycloalkane (from PP and mixture). In the case of HDPE and LDPE the main 
      compounds were 1-n-alkenes and n-alkanes. The applied methodology reveals 
      compound group, carbon chain length and degree of unsaturation with higher 
      confidence and success rate compared to traditional nominal mass 70 eV datasets.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Burdova, Hana
AU  - Burdova H
AD  - Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University in Usti and Labem, 
      Pasteurova 3632/15, Usti nad Labem 40096, Czech Republic. Electronic address: 
      hana.burdova@ujep.cz.
FAU - Pilnaj, Dominik
AU  - Pilnaj D
AD  - Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University in Usti and Labem, 
      Pasteurova 3632/15, Usti nad Labem 40096, Czech Republic; Faculty of 
      electrotechnology, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 2, 166 27, 
      Prague 6, Czech Republic.
FAU - Kuran, Pavel
AU  - Kuran P
AD  - Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University in Usti and Labem, 
      Pasteurova 3632/15, Usti nad Labem 40096, Czech Republic.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231011
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
RN  - 0 (Polystyrenes)
RN  - 0 (Oils)
RN  - 0 (Polypropylenes)
RN  - 0 (Alkanes)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Plastics/chemistry
MH  - *Polyethylene/chemistry
MH  - Pyrolysis
MH  - Electrons
MH  - Polystyrenes/chemistry
MH  - Oils
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Polypropylenes
MH  - Alkanes
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Compound identification
OT  - GC-HRMS
OT  - Group characterization
OT  - Low energy electron ionization
OT  - Pyrolysis oil
OT  - Virgin plastic (PVC, PP, PS, HDPE, LDPE)
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/10/20 00:43
MHDA- 2023/11/06 06:41
CRDT- 2023/10/19 18:21
PHST- 2023/08/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/10/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/11/06 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2023/10/20 00:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/10/19 18:21 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(23)00670-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464445 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2023 Nov 22;1711:464445. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464445. Epub 
      2023 Oct 11.