PMID- 37869047
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231031
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 10
DP  - 2023 Oct
TI  - Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus With Generalized Spike-and-Wave Discharges: 
      Pathophysiological and Nosological Considerations.
PG  - e47401
LID - 10.7759/cureus.47401 [doi]
LID - e47401
AB  - Absence status epilepticus (ASE) is the most common type of status epilepticus in 
      patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Like absence seizure, ASE is 
      characterized by generalized spike-and-wave discharges (GSWDs) on the 
      electroencephalogram (EEG). Once considered specific for IGE, GSWDs have 
      increasingly been observed in other forms of epilepsy, as well as in patients 
      with no prior epilepsy. Here, we report three patients with different types of 
      nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in which the EEG correlate was GSWDs: a 
      44-year-old woman with juvenile absence epilepsy who manifested ASE, a 
      73-year-old woman with anoxic brain injury complicated by NCSE with well-formed 
      GSWDs (as seen in IGE and de novo ASE), and a 41-year-old woman with frontal lobe 
      epilepsy who developed focal NCSE with impaired consciousness. Evidently, 
      patients with generalized epilepsy, focal epilepsy, and no prior epilepsy can all 
      manifest NCSE with similar electroclinical characteristics, i.e., GSWDs and 
      impaired consciousness. This observation adds to the existing evidence that 
      seizures, whether classified as focal or generalized, often involve focal and 
      generalized elements in their pathophysiology. To fully understand seizure 
      pathophysiology, we must steer away from the focal-versus-generalized paradigm 
      that has dominated the nosology of seizures and epilepsy for a very long time.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023, Wolf et al.
FAU - Wolf, Madison C
AU  - Wolf MC
AD  - Electrodiagnostic Technology, LCMC Health, New Orleans, USA.
FAU - Butner, Kristen S
AU  - Butner KS
AD  - Electrodiagnostic Technology, LCMC Health, New Orleans, USA.
FAU - Brinkley, Elizabeth B
AU  - Brinkley EB
AD  - Neurology, LCMC Health, New Orleans, USA.
FAU - Campo, Joshua B
AU  - Campo JB
AD  - Neurology, LCMC Health, New Orleans, USA.
FAU - Olejniczak, Piotr
AU  - Olejniczak P
AD  - Neurology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 
      USA.
FAU - Mader, Edward C Jr
AU  - Mader EC Jr
AD  - Neurology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20231020
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC10589733
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - absence
OT  - de novo
OT  - dialeptic
OT  - frontal lobe epilepsy
OT  - nonconvulsive
OT  - spike-and-wave
OT  - status epilepticus
OT  - thalamocortical
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2023/10/23 06:46
MHDA- 2023/10/23 06:47
PMCR- 2023/10/20
CRDT- 2023/10/23 04:47
PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/10/23 06:47 [medline]
PHST- 2023/10/23 06:46 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/10/23 04:47 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.47401 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2023 Oct 20;15(10):e47401. doi: 10.7759/cureus.47401. eCollection 2023 
      Oct.