PMID- 37891435 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231130 LR - 20240320 IS - 1474-1784 (Electronic) IS - 1474-1776 (Print) IS - 1474-1776 (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 12 DP - 2023 Dec TI - T cell receptor therapeutics: immunological targeting of the intracellular cancer proteome. PG - 996-1017 LID - 10.1038/s41573-023-00809-z [doi] AB - The T cell receptor (TCR) complex is a naturally occurring antigen sensor that detects, amplifies and coordinates cellular immune responses to epitopes derived from cell surface and intracellular proteins. Thus, TCRs enable the targeting of proteins selectively expressed by cancer cells, including neoantigens, cancer germline antigens and viral oncoproteins. As such, TCRs have provided the basis for an emerging class of oncology therapeutics. Herein, we review the current cancer treatment landscape using TCRs and TCR-like molecules. This includes adoptive cell transfer of T cells expressing endogenous or engineered TCRs, TCR bispecific engagers and antibodies specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-bound peptides (TCR mimics). We discuss the unique complexities associated with the clinical development of these therapeutics, such as HLA restriction, TCR retrieval, potency assessment and the potential for cross-reactivity. In addition, we highlight emerging clinical data that establish the antitumour potential of TCR-based therapies, including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, for the treatment of diverse human malignancies. Finally, we explore the future of TCR therapeutics, including emerging genome editing methods to safely enhance potency and strategies to streamline patient identification. CI - (c) 2023. Springer Nature Limited. FAU - Klebanoff, Christopher A AU - Klebanoff CA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9645-3896 AD - Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA. klebanoc@mskcc.org. FAU - Chandran, Smita S AU - Chandran SS AD - Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA. AD - Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, New York, NY, USA. AD - Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Baker, Brian M AU - Baker BM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0864-0964 AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, ID, USA. AD - The Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, ID, USA. FAU - Quezada, Sergio A AU - Quezada SA AD - Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK. AD - Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK. AD - Achilles Therapeutics, London, UK. FAU - Ribas, Antoni AU - Ribas A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3669-8458 AD - Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - R01 CA269733/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA286507/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R35 CA197633/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 CA217694/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R35 GM118166/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 CA168585/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R37 CA259177/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20231027 PL - England TA - Nat Rev Drug Discov JT - Nature reviews. Drug discovery JID - 101124171 RN - 0 (Proteome) RN - 0 (Antigens, Neoplasm) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Proteome/metabolism MH - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism MH - Antigens, Neoplasm MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell MH - *Neoplasms/drug therapy PMC - PMC10947610 MID - NIHMS1967991 COIS- Competing interests: C.A.K. and S.S.C. are inventors on patents related to TCR discovery and public neoantigen-specific TCRs and are recipients of licensing revenue shared according to MSKCC institutional policies. C.A.K. has consulted for or is on the scientific advisory boards for Achilles Therapeutics, Affini-T Therapeutics, Aleta BioTherapeutics, Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Catamaran Bio, Cell Design Labs, Decheng Capital, G1 Therapeutics, Klus Pharma, Obsidian Therapeutics, PACT Pharma, Roche/Genentech and T-knife. C.A.K. is a scientific co-founder and equity holder in Affini-T Therapeutics. B.M.B. is an inventor on patents related to TCR engineering and neoantigen discovery, has consulted for Eureka Therapeutics and EnaraBio, and is on the scientific advisory board of T-cure Bioscience. S.A.Q is an inventor in patents related to the use of T cell therapies targeting tumour clonal neoantigens in cancer. S.A.Q. is also a founder, CSO, and equity holder of Achilles Therapeutics. A.R. reports personal fees from Amgen, Chugai, Genentech, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Vedanta, 4C Biomed, Appia, Apricity, Arcus, Highlight, Compugen, ImaginAb, Kalthera/ImmPACT Bio, MapKure, Merus, Rgenix, Lutris, Nextech, PACT Pharma, Synthekine, Tango, Advaxis, CytomX, Five Prime, RAPT, Isoplexis, and Kite/Gilead and has received grants from Agilent and Bristol Myers Squibb outside the submitted work. EDAT- 2023/10/28 11:42 MHDA- 2023/11/30 06:43 PMCR- 2024/06/01 CRDT- 2023/10/27 23:39 PHST- 2023/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] PHST- 2023/11/30 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/10/28 11:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/10/27 23:39 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41573-023-00809-z [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41573-023-00809-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2023 Dec;22(12):996-1017. doi: 10.1038/s41573-023-00809-z. Epub 2023 Oct 27.