PMID- 37892503
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231030
LR  - 20231030
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 20
DP  - 2023 Oct 18
TI  - Diet Quality and Consumption of Healthy and Unhealthy Foods Measured via the 
      Global Diet Quality Score in Relation to Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Apparently 
      Healthy Adults from the Mediterranean Region: The ATTICA Epidemiological Cohort 
      Study (2002-2022).
LID - 10.3390/nu15204428 [doi]
LID - 4428
AB  - The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) is a novel food-based score that assesses 
      both nutrient adequacy and chronic disease risk, by evaluating healthy (GDQS+) 
      and unhealthy foods (GDQS-). The aim of this study was to evaluate the 
      association among GDQS, GDQS+, and GDQS- against the 20-year risk of 
      cardiometabolic outcomes in a Mediterranean population. The sample was n = 2169 
      initially free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) participants of the ATTICA study 
      (2002-2022) that participated in the 20-year follow-up. The incidence of CVD, 
      hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 
      defined according to WHO-ICD-10 criteria. The GDQS was computed based on 
      previously published instructions. In multivariate analyses, a higher diet 
      quality, per 1/49 of the GDQS, was associated with an 8% [95% Confidence 
      Interval-CI: 6-9%] and 2% [95% CI: 1-3%] lower CVD and T2DM risk, respectively. A 
      higher consumption of healthy foods, per 1/32 of GDQS+, was associated with a 9% 
      [95% CI: 7-11%] and 2% [95% CI: 1-3%] lower CVD and T2DM risk, respectively. 
      Contrarily, a lower consumption of unhealthy foods (GDQS-) was not associated 
      with cardiometabolic events in the adjusted models (all p value< 0.05). In 
      clinical practice or future public health actions to ameliorate dietary habits 
      and prevent CVD and T2DM, more attention should be focused on healthy foods that 
      should be included in our diets.
FAU - Damigou, Evangelia
AU  - Damigou E
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, 
      Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Kouvari, Matina
AU  - Kouvari M
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, 
      Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Chrysohoou, Christina
AU  - Chrysohoou C
AD  - First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of 
      Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Barkas, Fotios
AU  - Barkas F
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45500 
      Ioannina, Greece.
FAU - Kravvariti, Evrydiki
AU  - Kravvariti E
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Dalmyras, Dimitrios
AU  - Dalmyras D
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, 
      Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Koutsogianni, Amalia D
AU  - Koutsogianni AD
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Tsioufis, Costas
AU  - Tsioufis C
AD  - First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of 
      Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Pitsavos, Christos
AU  - Pitsavos C
AD  - First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of 
      Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Liberopoulos, Evangelos
AU  - Liberopoulos E
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Sfikakis, Petros P
AU  - Sfikakis PP
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes
AU  - Panagiotakos D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8583-153X
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, 
      Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231018
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/prevention & control/complications
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - *Diet, Mediterranean
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Diet
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/prevention & control/etiology
PMC - PMC10610374
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS)
OT  - cardiometabolic outcomes
OT  - cardiovascular disease
OT  - diabetes
OT  - diet quality
OT  - healthy foods
OT  - unhealthy foods
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/10/28 11:43
MHDA- 2023/10/30 06:46
PMCR- 2023/10/18
CRDT- 2023/10/28 01:04
PHST- 2023/09/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/10/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/10/30 06:46 [medline]
PHST- 2023/10/28 11:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/10/28 01:04 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/10/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu15204428 [pii]
AID - nutrients-15-04428 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu15204428 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2023 Oct 18;15(20):4428. doi: 10.3390/nu15204428.