PMID- 37900422
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231031
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 9
DP  - 2023 Sep
TI  - The Effectiveness of Metformin in Diabetes Prevention: A Systematic Review and 
      Meta-Analysis.
PG  - e46108
LID - 10.7759/cureus.46108 [doi]
LID - e46108
AB  - Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health concern, and prevention strategies 
      play a crucial role in reducing its burden. Metformin has been widely studied as 
      a potential intervention for diabetes prevention, but its overall effectiveness 
      and impact on various populations remain unclear. This study aims to provide a 
      comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence on the effectiveness of 
      metformin in diabetes prevention. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, 
      Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles published from inception 
      to June 2023. The reference lists of the included studies were also searched to 
      retrieve possible additional studies. Any quantitative data were analyzed using 
      Review Manager 5.4. A P-value of 0.05 was adopted as the significance threshold. 
      Our analysis included 17 studies with a total sample size of 30,474. Our 
      meta-analysis included two key analyses. First, the meta-analysis evaluating the 
      effects of metformin on prediabetes demonstrated a significant reduction in the 
      risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The pooled odds ratio 
      (OR) was 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.80), indicating a 35% lower 
      odds of developing T2DM among individuals with prediabetes who received metformin 
      interventions compared to control groups. Secondly, the meta-analysis assessing 
      the efficacy of metformin interventions in preventing T2DM yielded a significant 
      reduction in the risk of developing the disease. The pooled risk ratio was 0.58 
      (95% CI 0.44-0.77), indicating a 42% lower risk of developing T2DM in individuals 
      receiving metformin interventions compared to those in non-metformin intervention 
      groups. These findings provide strong evidence for the effectiveness of metformin 
      in preventing the progression of prediabetes to T2DM and reducing the overall 
      incidence of the disease. The review demonstrated that metformin is effective in 
      reducing the risk of developing diabetes mellitus among individuals at risk for 
      the disease. The findings highlight the potential of metformin as a valuable 
      intervention for diabetes prevention, particularly in high-risk populations.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023, Patel et al.
FAU - Patel, Dhara
AU  - Patel D
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Ayesha, Ismat E
AU  - Ayesha IE
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Monson, Neetha R
AU  - Monson NR
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Klair, Nimra
AU  - Klair N
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Patel, Utkarsh
AU  - Patel U
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Saxena, Ayushi
AU  - Saxena A
AD  - Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Hamid, Pousette
AU  - Hamid P
AD  - Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230928
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC10611985
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - insulin resistance
OT  - metformin
OT  - pre-diabetes
OT  - prevention of diabetes
OT  - type 2 diabetes
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2023/10/30 06:47
MHDA- 2023/10/30 06:48
PMCR- 2023/09/28
CRDT- 2023/10/30 04:34
PHST- 2023/08/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/09/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/10/30 06:48 [medline]
PHST- 2023/10/30 06:47 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/10/30 04:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.46108 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2023 Sep 28;15(9):e46108. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46108. eCollection 2023 
      Sep.