PMID- 37908706
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231102
IS  - 2405-8440 (Print)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Electronic)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 11
DP  - 2023 Nov
TI  - Chemical, thermal and morphological properties of polybutylene succinate-waste 
      pineapple leaf fibres composites.
PG  - e21238
LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21238 [doi]
LID - e21238
AB  - The use of natural fibres for polymer composite applications has been widely 
      researched due to the biodegradable and lightweight nature of natural fibres. To 
      achieve good adhesion and compatibility between the matrix and the fibre filler, 
      prior modification of the fibre surface via the use of various methods has been 
      found to be effective. The natural fibres have been modified using chemical, 
      physical, radiation, grafting and biological methods. The current study aims to 
      evaluate the effect of sodium hydroxide-treated waste pineapple leaf fibres 
      (PALF) content on the chemical, thermal, and morphological properties of 
      polybutylene succinate (PBS) composites. PBS-PALF composites with fibre content 
      ranging from 0 to 20 wt% were prepared using an internal mixer and their 
      properties were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray 
      diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric 
      analysis (TGA) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The FTIR results showed no 
      noticeable functionality differences among the composites, however, carbonyl 
      groups from PBS polymer at  approximately 1700 cm(-1) and hydroxyl groups from PALF at 
       approximately 3000 cm(-1) were observed in the composites. The water absorption uptake of the 
      composites increased with fibre content due to the hydrophilic nature of the PALF 
      fibres and the highest water absorption percentage achieved was  approximately 30 %. The 
      incorporation of the fibres into the PBS matrix decreased the crystallinity of 
      the composites as shown by the XRD peaks at 2ϴ = 22 and 30 degrees . SEM images of the 
      composites with 20 wt% exhibited morphologies where the fibres protruded out from 
      the polymer matrix, and this was ascribed to the agglomerated fibres which were 
      poorly mixed with the matrix at the higher fibre content. Overall, the 
      incorporation of high PALF content in the composites disrupted the crystallinity 
      and thermal stability of the PBS matrix. The composites have potential in 
      industrial agricultural mulching film applications due to their sustainability 
      characteristics.
CI  - (c) 2023 The Authors.
FAU - Phiri, Mohau Justice
AU  - Phiri MJ
AD  - Department of Biotechnology & Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Private 
      Bat X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1911, South Africa.
FAU - Mofokeng, Julia Puseletso
AU  - Mofokeng JP
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State (Qwaqwa Campus), Private 
      Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba, 9866, South Africa.
FAU - Phiri, Mapoloko Mpho
AU  - Phiri MM
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 7700, Gqeberha, 
      6031, South Africa.
FAU - Mngomezulu, Mfiso
AU  - Mngomezulu M
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State (Qwaqwa Campus), Private 
      Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba, 9866, South Africa.
FAU - Tywabi-Ngeva, Zikhona
AU  - Tywabi-Ngeva Z
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 7700, Gqeberha, 
      6031, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231024
PL  - England
TA  - Heliyon
JT  - Heliyon
JID - 101672560
PMC - PMC10613899
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biodegradable polymer composites
OT  - Morphological properties
OT  - Natural fibres
OT  - Thermal characteristics
OT  - Waste pineapple leaf fibres
OT  - XRD patterns
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2023/11/01 06:43
MHDA- 2023/11/01 06:44
PMCR- 2023/10/24
CRDT- 2023/11/01 03:59
PHST- 2023/03/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/10/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/11/01 06:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/11/01 06:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/11/01 03:59 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2405-8440(23)08446-3 [pii]
AID - e21238 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21238 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Heliyon. 2023 Oct 24;9(11):e21238. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21238. 
      eCollection 2023 Nov.