PMID- 37935079
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231120
LR  - 20231120
IS  - 1873-3557 (Electronic)
IS  - 1386-1425 (Linking)
VI  - 306
DP  - 2024 Feb 5
TI  - Rapid environmentally benign label free detection of heparin using highly 
      fluorescent N,S-CDs sensing probe through a turn-on mechanism.
PG  - 123609
LID - S1386-1425(23)01294-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123609 [doi]
AB  - Heparin (HEP) is one of the oldest anticoagulant drugs that currently still in 
      widespread clinical use. It lacks chromophore and not easily derivatized due to 
      its hydrophilic nature. In this work we developed a green, selective, and 
      sensitive fluorescence sensor for detection of HEP in its injection dosage forms. 
      The sensor is composed of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dots 
      (N,S-CDs) semi quenched by Fe(3+). The N,S-CDs were prepared using microwave 
      assisted pyrolysis in 3.5 min and exhibited high emission at 425 nm after 
      excitation at 350 nm with high quantum yield of 96%. Owing to the anionic nature 
      of HEP, it could compete with N,S-CDs for Fe(3+) complexation resulting in 
      turning-on the quenched fluorescence. This fluorescence enhancement was linear 
      over a concentration range between 6 and 20 mug/mL (R(2) = 0.99) with a limit of 
      detection of 1.41 microg/ml. The accuracy and precision of the proposed sensor were 
      indicated by percentage recovery values between 98% -102% and %RSD less than 2, 
      respectively. Furthermore, the proposed sensor was successfully applied for 
      determination of HEP in injection dosage form. The developed sensor showed 
      excellent greenness on analytical eco-scale (score 93%) and GAPI scale.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Abdella, Aya A
AU  - Abdella AA
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta 
      University, 31111, Egypt. Electronic address: aya.atef.86@pharm.tanta.edu.eg.
FAU - Zaki, Asmaa M
AU  - Zaki AM
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta 
      University, 31111, Egypt. Electronic address: pg_142290@pharm.tanta.edu.eg.
FAU - Hammad, Sherin
AU  - Hammad S
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta 
      University, 31111, Egypt. Electronic address: sherinhammad@pharm.tanta.edu.eg.
FAU - Mansour, Fotouh R
AU  - Mansour FR
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta 
      University, 31111, Egypt. Electronic address: fotouhrashed@pharm.tanta.edu.eg.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231103
PL  - England
TA  - Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
JT  - Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
JID - 9602533
RN  - 9005-49-6 (Heparin)
RN  - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes)
RN  - 70FD1KFU70 (Sulfur)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
RN  - N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Heparin
MH  - *Quantum Dots
MH  - Fluorescence
MH  - Fluorescent Dyes
MH  - Sulfur
MH  - Carbon
MH  - Nitrogen
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Co-doped carbon dot
OT  - Fluorescence
OT  - Heparin
OT  - Quenching
OT  - Turn-on sensor
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/11/07 18:42
MHDA- 2023/11/20 06:56
CRDT- 2023/11/07 18:00
PHST- 2023/06/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/10/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/11/20 06:56 [medline]
PHST- 2023/11/07 18:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/11/07 18:00 [entrez]
AID - S1386-1425(23)01294-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123609 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2024 Feb 5;306:123609. doi: 
      10.1016/j.saa.2023.123609. Epub 2023 Nov 3.