PMID- 37952817
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231206
LR  - 20231217
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 347
DP  - 2024 Jan
TI  - Associations of individual and mixture exposure to volatile organic compounds 
      with metabolic syndrome and its components among US adults.
PG  - 140683
LID - S0045-6535(23)02953-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140683 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: People are exposed to various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 
      their environment. Our study aims to examine the links between VOCs exposure and 
      metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, as well as identify critical VOCs. 
      METHOD: In this study, we enrolled 8223 adults from the National Health and 
      Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and analyzed 15 kinds of urinary VOCs 
      metabolites. The Spearman correlation model, generalized linear regression model, 
      restricted cubic spline (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS) analysis, and Bayesian 
      kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to evaluate the association between 
      individual VOC/VOCs mixture and MetS as well as its components. RESULTS: In 
      generalized linear regression model, compared to the lowest quartile of urinary 
      VOCs metabolites, the highest quartiles of urinary VOC metabolites were 
      positively associated with MetS including 
      N-Acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-l-cysteine (AMCC) (OR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.49), 
      N-Acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-l-cysteine (CEMA) (OR: 1.71, 95%CI: 1.41, 2.07), 
      N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-l-cysteine (3HPMA) (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.63), 
      and N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-l-cysteine (HMPMA) (OR: 1.34, 95%CI: 
      1.09, 1.64). Consistent results were found in the dose-response relationship in 
      RCS model. Results of WQS showed that VOCs mixture was positively associated with 
      MetS (OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.28), elevated WC (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.13, 1.37), 
      elevated FBG (OR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.37), elevated TG (OR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.21, 
      1.49), and reduced HDL-C (OR: 1.20, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.33). However, the WQS index 
      was negatively associated with elevated BP (OR: 0.81; 95%CI: 0.70, 0.94). BKMR 
      analysis confirmed that the urinary VOCs mixture was positively associated with 
      MetS, elevated WC, elevated TG, reduced HDL-C, elevated FBG, but negatively 
      associated with elevated BP. CEMA was defined as the most heavily weighted 
      chemical in the WQS and BKMR models. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that 
      exposure to specific VOC or VOCs mixture is associated with the higher risk of 
      MetS and its components, except for elevated BP.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Tan, Liao
AU  - Tan L
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 
      Changsha, Hunan, China.
FAU - Liu, Yubo
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South 
      University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
FAU - Liu, Jie
AU  - Liu J
AD  - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South 
      University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
FAU - Liu, Zhaoya
AU  - Liu Z
AD  - Department of the Geriatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South 
      University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
FAU - Shi, Ruizheng
AU  - Shi R
AD  - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South 
      University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: xyshiruizheng@csu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231110
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds)
RN  - K848JZ4886 (Cysteine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology
MH  - *Volatile Organic Compounds/metabolism
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - Cysteine
MH  - Bayes Theorem
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Environmental pollutants
OT  - Epidemiology
OT  - Metabolic syndrome
OT  - NHANES
OT  - Volatile organic compounds
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial 
      interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing 
      interests: Ruizheng Shi reports financial support was provided by the National 
      Natural Science Foundation of China. Ruizheng Shi reports financial support was 
      provided by Scientific research project of Hunan Provincial Department of 
      Finance.
EDAT- 2023/11/13 00:42
MHDA- 2023/12/06 06:42
CRDT- 2023/11/12 19:17
PHST- 2023/03/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/11/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/06 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/11/13 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/11/12 19:17 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(23)02953-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140683 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2024 Jan;347:140683. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140683. Epub 
      2023 Nov 10.