PMID- 37990106 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20231127 LR - 20231219 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Nov 21 TI - Effect of novel botanical synergist on the effectiveness and residue behavior of prothioconazole in wheat field. PG - 20353 LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-47797-z [doi] LID - 20353 AB - Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a critical fungal disease causes serious grain yield losses and mycotoxin contaminations. Currently, utilization of chemical fungicides is the main control method which has led to serious resistance. Development of novel synergist is an important strategy to reduce the usage of chemical fungicides and postpone the development of resistance, while natural components are interesting resources. In this study, the synergistic effect of Taxodium 'zhongshansha' essential oil (TZEO) was determined and the best synergistic ratio (SR) of 3.96 in laboratory which was observed when the weight ratio of TZEO and prothioconazole was 1 : 1 with the corresponding EC(50) (half maximal effective concentration) value of Fusarium graminearum was 0.280 mg L(-1). Subsequently, an increase of 6.31% on the control effect to FHB index in field test was observed when compared to the treatment with prothioconazole alone, though there was no significant difference between these treatments. Furthermore, we established an effective method to detect the mycotoxin contaminations in wheat grain with the limits of quantifications (LOQs) value of 5 microg kg(-1) (DON, ZEN, 3-DON, and 15-DON) and 1 microg kg(-1) (OTA) and the contents were less to the maximum residue limit (MRL) values. It was also shown that the application of 20% TZEO EW led to a 20% reduction in the use of prothioconazole, which was calculated based on the control effect values of 86.41% and 90.20% between the treatments of 30% prothioconazole OD (225 g a.i ha(-1), recommend dosage) and 30% prothioconazole OD (180 g a.i ha(-1)) + 20% TZEO EW (225 mL ha(-1)), significantly. The initial residue of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio was increased in the treatment with TZEO, which may play an important role in the synergistic effect on FHB. Moreover, none of the treatments posed a prothioconazole residue risk in the wheat grain and the environment. In addition, the essential oil has no any negative influence on wheat growth, which was revealed by a study of the chlorophyll content. These results provide an important botanical synergist for use with prothioconazole to control Fusarium head blight, and in-depth study to the synergistic mechanism of this oil is necessary in our future research. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Wu, Yalin AU - Wu Y AD - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. AD - Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. FAU - Yin, Yuanjian AU - Yin Y AD - Comprehensive Agricultural Service Station of Huoqiu County, Luan, China. FAU - Chen, Xin AU - Chen X AD - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. AD - Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. FAU - Zhou, Yeping AU - Zhou Y AD - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. AD - Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. FAU - Jiang, Shan AU - Jiang S AD - Fengtai Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Huainan, China. FAU - Zhang, Mingming AU - Zhang M AD - Fengtai Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Huainan, China. FAU - Cai, Guangcheng AU - Cai G AD - Fengtai Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Huainan, China. FAU - Gao, Quan AU - Gao Q AD - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. quangao@ahau.edu.cn. AD - Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China. quangao@ahau.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 202004a06020060/Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Plan/ GR - GXXT-2021-059/the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province/ GR - 202208340039/the China Scholarship Council/ GR - gxgwfx2022001/the Excellent and Top-notch Talent Cultivation Project in Colleges and Universities/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231121 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Fungicides, Industrial) RN - 27B9FV58IY (prothioconazole) RN - 0 (Mycotoxins) RN - 0 (Oils, Volatile) SB - IM MH - *Fungicides, Industrial/pharmacology MH - Triticum MH - Plant Diseases/prevention & control/microbiology MH - *Mycotoxins/pharmacology MH - Edible Grain MH - *Fusarium MH - *Oils, Volatile/pharmacology PMC - PMC10663447 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/11/22 06:42 MHDA- 2023/11/27 12:43 PMCR- 2023/11/21 CRDT- 2023/11/22 00:47 PHST- 2023/08/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/11/27 12:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/11/22 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:47 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-47797-z [pii] AID - 47797 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-47797-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 21;13(1):20353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47797-z.