PMID- 37991617
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231225
LR  - 20240102
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 59
DP  - 2023 Dec
TI  - Exposure to phthalates and their alternatives in relation to biomarkers of 
      inflammation and oxidative stress in adults: evidence from NHANES 2017-2018.
PG  - 123770-123784
LID - 10.1007/s11356-023-30924-8 [doi]
AB  - Phthalates and their alternatives are considered significant environmental risk 
      factors that potentially influence inflammation and oxidative stress. However, 
      their impact on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress was inconsistent. 
      This study aimed to explore the associations between phthalates and 
      high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), 
      and white blood cell (WBC) counts, employing both univariate exposure and 
      multivariate co-exposure models. For this analysis, a total of 1619 individuals 
      aged 18 years and above, sourced from the National Health and Nutrition 
      Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2017 and 2018, were selected as 
      subjects. We explored the associations between hsCRP, GGT, and WBC counts and 
      eighteen different phthalate metabolites. Multiple linear regression analysis 
      revealed significant associations between both MCNP and MEHP and hsCRP. We 
      observed negative correlations of MCOP, MCPP, MHBP, and MONP with GGT. 
      Conversely, MEHHP and MEHHTP exhibited positive correlations with GGT. 
      Furthermore, MECPTP and MEHHTP showed positive correlations with WBC. Notably, we 
      identified a non-linear relationship between phthalates and inflammation and 
      oxidative stress markers. The Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analysis 
      demonstrated a negative joint effect of the phthalates mixture on GGT, 
      particularly at lower concentrations. The BKMR model also found that MEOHP and 
      MHiBP were negatively associated with GGT. In contrast, MEHHP showed a 
      significant positive association with GGT. Moderating effect analysis suggested 
      that dietary inflammatory index (DII), income-to-poverty ratio (PIR), age, BMI, 
      and physical activity influenced the association between phthalates and 
      inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings contribute to a deeper 
      understanding of the relationships between phthalates and inflammation and 
      oxidative stress.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Jin, Shihao
AU  - Jin S
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Cui, Shanshan
AU  - Cui S
AD  - School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, 
      Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
FAU - Mu, Xiaoyu
AU  - Mu X
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Liu, Zhao
AU  - Liu Z
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Han, Yu
AU  - Han Y
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Cui, Tingkai
AU  - Cui T
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Xiong, Wenjuan
AU  - Xiong W
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Xi, Wei
AU  - Xi W
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, 
      Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, People's 
      Republic of China. zhangxin@tmu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
GR  - 81973070/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 82003449/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 82273655/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231122
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 6O7F7IX66E (phthalic acid)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein)
RN  - 0 (Phthalic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-Glutamyltransferase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - C-Reactive Protein/analysis
MH  - Bayes Theorem
MH  - *Phthalic Acids/metabolism
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolism
MH  - Inflammation/chemically induced
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomarkers
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - NHANES
OT  - Oxidative stress
OT  - Phthalate
EDAT- 2023/11/22 12:44
MHDA- 2023/12/25 06:42
CRDT- 2023/11/22 11:09
PHST- 2023/08/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/11/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/25 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/11/22 12:44 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/11/22 11:09 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-023-30924-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-023-30924-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Dec;30(59):123770-123784. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-023-30924-8. Epub 2023 Nov 22.