PMID- 37995433
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240116
LR  - 20240116
IS  - 1879-2456 (Electronic)
IS  - 0956-053X (Linking)
VI  - 174
DP  - 2024 Feb 15
TI  - Sorption and diffusion of per-polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in high-density 
      polyethylene geomembranes.
PG  - 15-23
LID - S0956-053X(23)00690-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.015 [doi]
AB  - The objective of this study is to investigate the fate and transport of 
      per-polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) through a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) 
      geomembrane (GM) that is commonly used in landfill composite liner systems. Tests 
      were conducted to measure the sorption and diffusion of per-polyfluoroalkyl 
      substances (PFAS) with varying number of carbons in chain and functional groups 
      on HDPE GM. Perfluoroalkyl carboxyl acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkyl sulphonic acids 
      (PFSAs), alkyl-sulfonamidoacetic acids (FOSAAs), fluorotelomer sulfonic acids 
      (FtSAs), alkane sulfonamides (FOSA) and ether carboxylic acids (Gen X) were 
      investigated in this study. The partition coefficients (K(d)) on HDPE GM ranged 
      from 3.8 to 98.3 L/kg. PFAS with amide and sulfonic functional groups showed 
      stronger sorption than that of PFAS with carboxylic acid functional groups. 
      Molecular weight directly affected the K(d) for long-chained PFAS whereas the 
      K(d) of short-chained PFAS was not sensitive to molecular weight. The diffusion 
      coefficients (D(g)) of PFCAs and PFSAs through 0.1-mm HDPE GM were found to be in 
      the orders of 10(-18) to 10(-17) m(2)/s. The D(g) decreased with increasing molar 
      mass and were also observed to be dependent on the functional group. D(g) of 
      PFSAs was lower than that of PFCAs for similar number of carbons in the chain. 
      The estimated mass flux for PFAS in an intact 1.5-mm HDPE GM varied from 38.7 to 
      2080.8 ng/m(2)/year whereas the estimated diffusive breakthrough time for PFAS in 
      intact 1.5-mm HDPE was 1526 years or longer.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ahmad, Aamir
AU  - Ahmad A
AD  - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, George Mason University, 
      Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA. Electronic address: aahmad33@gmu.edu.
FAU - Tian, Kuo
AU  - Tian K
AD  - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, George Mason University, 
      Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA. Electronic address: ktian@gmu.edu.
FAU - Tanyu, Burak
AU  - Tanyu B
AD  - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, George Mason University, 
      Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA. Electronic address: btanyu@gmu.edu.
FAU - Foster, Gregory D
AU  - Foster GD
AD  - Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Potomac Environmental Research and 
      Education Center at PSC, George Mason University, Woodbridge, VA, 22191, USA. 
      Electronic address: gfoster@gmu.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231122
PL  - United States
TA  - Waste Manag
JT  - Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 9884362
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Sulfonic Acids)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
RN  - 0 (Carboxylic Acids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Polyethylene
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
MH  - *Fluorocarbons/analysis
MH  - Sulfonic Acids
MH  - Carbon
MH  - Carboxylic Acids
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Diffusion coefficient
OT  - Gen X
OT  - HDPE
OT  - PFAS
OT  - PFCAs
OT  - PFSAs
OT  - Sorption
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/11/24 00:42
MHDA- 2024/01/16 06:42
CRDT- 2023/11/23 18:02
PHST- 2023/06/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/11/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/16 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/11/24 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/11/23 18:02 [entrez]
AID - S0956-053X(23)00690-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Waste Manag. 2024 Feb 15;174:15-23. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.015. Epub 2023 
      Nov 22.