PMID- 38002012
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231128
IS  - 2227-9059 (Print)
IS  - 2227-9059 (Electronic)
IS  - 2227-9059 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 11
DP  - 2023 Nov 9
TI  - The Clinical Relevance of Selected Cytokines in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma 
      Patients.
LID - 10.3390/biomedicines11113012 [doi]
LID - 3012
AB  - Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological neoplasm. 
      Cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors, induced by the microenvironment of 
      MM, participate in tumor growth, the attraction of leukocytes, cell homing, and 
      bone destruction. This study aimed to assess the correlation between the 
      pretreatment serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), 
      angiogenic chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and vascular 
      endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the clinical outcomes and survival of 
      patients newly diagnosed with MM. The study group consisted of 82 individuals. 
      The IL-8 concentration was significantly positively correlated with the age of 
      onset (p = 0.007), the International Staging System (ISS) stage (p = 0.03), the 
      Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (p < 0.001), the 
      degree of anemia before treatment (p < 0.0001), the degree of kidney disease (p < 
      0.001), and VEGF (p = 0.0364). Chemotherapy responders had significantly lower 
      concentrations of IL-8 (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and VEGF (p = 0.04) 
      compared with non-responders. Patients with treatment-induced polyneuropathy had 
      significantly higher levels of IL-8 (p = 0.033). Patients with a high level of 
      IL-6 had a 2-fold higher risk of progression-free survival (PFS) reduction (17 
      vs. 35 months; HR = 1.89; p = 0.0078), and a more than 2.5-fold higher risk of 
      overall survival (OS) reduction (28 vs. 78 months; HR = 2.62; p < 0.001). High 
      levels of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF demonstrated significant predictive values for 
      some clinical conditions or outcomes of newly diagnosed MM patients. Patients 
      with an early response to chemotherapy had a significantly lower concentration of 
      these cytokines. A high pretreatment IL-6 concentration was an independent 
      negative prognostic marker for newly diagnosed MM patients.
FAU - Mielnik, Michal
AU  - Mielnik M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4473-5319
AD  - Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University 
      of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Szudy-Szczyrek, Aneta
AU  - Szudy-Szczyrek A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2352-394X
AD  - Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University 
      of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Homa-Mlak, Iwona
AU  - Homa-Mlak I
AD  - Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, 
      Poland.
FAU - Mlak, Radoslaw
AU  - Mlak R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7399-8340
AD  - Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Doktora 
      Witolda Chodzki 1 Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Podgajna-Mielnik, Martyna
AU  - Podgajna-Mielnik M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2863-5142
AD  - Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University 
      of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Goracy, Aneta
AU  - Goracy A
AD  - Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Saint Jan of Dukla 
      Oncology Centre of the Lublin Region, Doktora Kazimierza Jaczewskiego 7 Str., 
      20-090 Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Malecka-Massalska, Teresa
AU  - Malecka-Massalska T
AD  - Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, 
      Poland.
FAU - Hus, Marek
AU  - Hus M
AD  - Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University 
      of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
LA  - eng
GR  - DS177/Medical University of Lublin/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231109
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Biomedicines
JT  - Biomedicines
JID - 101691304
PMC - PMC10669681
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - VEGF
OT  - angiogenesis
OT  - cancer
OT  - cytokines
OT  - interleukins
OT  - multiple myeloma
OT  - tumor progression
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/11/25 12:45
MHDA- 2023/11/25 12:46
PMCR- 2023/11/09
CRDT- 2023/11/25 01:07
PHST- 2023/09/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/11/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/11/25 12:46 [medline]
PHST- 2023/11/25 12:45 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/11/25 01:07 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - biomedicines11113012 [pii]
AID - biomedicines-11-03012 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/biomedicines11113012 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Biomedicines. 2023 Nov 9;11(11):3012. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11113012.