PMID- 38039855 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240112 LR - 20240116 IS - 1090-2414 (Electronic) IS - 0147-6513 (Linking) VI - 269 DP - 2024 Jan 1 TI - The association of serum toxic metals and essential elements during early pregnancy with body mass index trajectory of infants during the first years: A prospective study. PG - 115766 LID - S0147-6513(23)01270-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115766 [doi] AB - To the best of our knowledge, prior research has yet to delve into the combined and interactive relationships between maternal exposure to essential elements and toxic metals and infancy's continuous growth and trajectories. This study aims to discern infant growth trajectories in the first year of life and to determine the associations of maternal serum levels of essential elements and toxic metals with growth trajectory. Within a Chinese prospective cohort in 2019 - 2021, 407 mother-infant pairs were included, and the serum levels of five essential elements (zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium and iron) and two toxic metals (cadmium and lead) in early pregnancy were assessed. The growth trajectory of infants was followed until age one year. Raw BMI and height values were transformed to age- and sex-speci fi c BMI and height standard deviation (SD) scores. Latent-class group-based trajectory models and piecewise linear mixed regression were estimated to determine infant growth trajectories and growth velocity, respectively. The individual relationship between maternal metallic element levels and infant growth trajectory was examined using multinomial logistic regression models and linear mixed regression, while joint associations and interactive relationships were explored using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) following confounder adjustments. Four distinct trajectory patterns based on BMI-z score (low-rapid BMI gain group, normal-stable BMI group, very low-rapid BMI gain group and normal-rapid BMI gain group) and length-for-age (high-stable length group, low-stable length group, normal-rapid length gain group, very low-rapid length gain group) were identified during the first year post-birth, respectively. In single-metal and multiple-metal models, infants born to mothers with higher serum Zn and lower serum Cu levels were associated with a normal-rapid BMI gain trajectory during the first year. Serum Cu exhibited a positive correlation with the rate of BMI change solely in infants aged 6-12 months. Further, the BKMR analysis revealed a statistically significant and negative joint effect of the five essential elements on the likelihood of normal-rapid BMI/length gain trajectory when serum levels of these elements fell below the 70th percentile compared to median levels. In addition, high levels of serum copper and calcium interactively affect the rates of BMI change during 6-12 months old (beta: -0.21, 95% CI: -0.44, -0.03, P = 0.04, P-interaction=0.04). In conclusion, maternal trace elements at early pregnancy are linked to infant growth patterns and growth velocity in the first year of life. CI - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Liu, Yao AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Hengying AU - Chen H AD - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhou, Yingyu AU - Zhou Y AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China. FAU - Lin, Xiaoping AU - Lin X AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Lanyao AU - Yang L AD - School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhan, Bowen AU - Zhan B AD - School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wei, Yuanhuan AU - Wei Y AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China. FAU - Sun, Ruifang AU - Sun R AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Hongguang AU - Yang H AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Zheqing AU - Zhang Z AD - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China. FAU - Deng, Guifang AU - Deng G AD - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: misyfly@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231130 PL - Netherlands TA - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf JT - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety JID - 7805381 RN - 789U1901C5 (Copper) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Pregnancy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Body Mass Index MH - Prospective Studies MH - *Copper MH - Bayes Theorem MH - *Calcium OTO - NOTNLM OT - BMI OT - Child growth OT - Pregnancy OT - Trace elements and toxic metals COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/12/02 00:41 MHDA- 2024/01/12 06:43 CRDT- 2023/12/01 18:13 PHST- 2023/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/11/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/12 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/02 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/01 18:13 [entrez] AID - S0147-6513(23)01270-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115766 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jan 1;269:115766. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115766. Epub 2023 Nov 30.