PMID- 38049617 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240202 LR - 20240202 IS - 1432-2072 (Electronic) IS - 0033-3158 (Linking) VI - 241 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb TI - Insufficient autophagy enables the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) to promote ferroptosis in morphine-treated SH-SY5Y cells. PG - 291-304 LID - 10.1007/s00213-023-06485-6 [doi] AB - RATIONALE: While morphine has important therapeutic value it is also one of the most widely abused drugs in the world. As a newly discovered style of cell death, ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases, however, the current understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and morphine is still limited. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role of opioid receptors in morphine-induced ferroptosis and to investigate the role of NRF2 in morphine-induced ferroptosis. METHODS: We first used different doses of morphine (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM) to investigate morphine-induced ferroptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, and we choose 1.5 mM morphine for subsequent experiments. We next inhibited opioid receptors and NRF2 separately and examined their influence on morphine-induced ferroptosis. Finally, we tested morphine-induced insufficient autophagy. RESULTS: Morphine triggered ferroptosis in a dose-dependent manner, which could be significantly rescued by the ferroptosis-specific inhibitor DFO. Moreover, GPX4 rather than xCT antiporter might be involved in morphine-induced ferroptosis. We also found naloxone could inhibit morphine-induced ferroptosis. Interestingly, our results demonstrated that NRF2 could promote rather than defend morphine-induced ferroptosis; this may be due to the increased p62-related insufficient autophagy. CONCLUSION: Morphine-induced ferroptosis is regulated by the opioid receptor and GPX4 rather than the xCT antiporter. NRF2-mediated ferroptosis in morphine-exposed cells may stem from increased p62-related insufficient autophagy. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Huang, Xin AU - Huang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2365-677X AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yan, Xinyue AU - Yan X AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Gang AU - Chen G AD - Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China. FAU - Feng, Yue AU - Feng Y AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. FAU - Bai, Yuying AU - Bai Y AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yan, Peng AU - Yan P AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. FAU - Lai, Jianghua AU - Lai J AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wei, Shuguang AU - Wei S AD - College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. weisg9676@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231205 PL - Germany TA - Psychopharmacology (Berl) JT - Psychopharmacology JID - 7608025 RN - 0 (Antiporters) RN - 76I7G6D29C (Morphine) RN - 0 (NF-E2-Related Factor 2) RN - 0 (Receptors, Opioid) RN - 0 (NFE2L2 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Antiporters MH - Autophagy MH - *Ferroptosis MH - Morphine/pharmacology MH - *Neuroblastoma MH - NF-E2-Related Factor 2 MH - Receptors, Opioid OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ferroptosis OT - Insufficient autophagy OT - Morphine EDAT- 2023/12/05 00:41 MHDA- 2024/01/24 06:43 CRDT- 2023/12/04 23:38 PHST- 2023/04/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/24 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/05 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/04 23:38 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00213-023-06485-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00213-023-06485-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2024 Feb;241(2):291-304. doi: 10.1007/s00213-023-06485-6. Epub 2023 Dec 5.